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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2020-24-4-75-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-1044</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕНЕЖНО-КРЕДИТНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MONETARY &amp; CREDIT POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие макропруденциального регулирования банковского кредитования физических лиц в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Development of Macroprudential Regulation of Bank Household Lending in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-575X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошниченко</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnichenko</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Мирошниченко — доктор экономических наук, профессор.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">o.s.miroshnichenko@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9365-8837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Степановна Воронова — доктор экономических наук, профессор.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal’yaS. Voronova — Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.voronova@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-274X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамукин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamukin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Владимирович Гамукин — кандидат экономических наук, профессор.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii V. Gamukin — Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Prof.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valgam@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Tyumen</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мирошниченко О.С., Воронова Н.С., Гамукин В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мирошниченко О.С., Воронова Н.С., Гамукин В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miroshnichenko O.S., Voronova N.S., Gamukin V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1044">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1044</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена применению Банком России макропруденциальных инструментов, регулирующих кредитные операции российского банковского сектора с населением. Цель работы - исследовать теоретические предпосылки и практические результаты использования показателей полной стоимости кредита и долговой нагрузки населения для обеспечения стабильности банковского сектора. Использованы методы качественного и количественного анализа научных публикаций, нормативно-правовых источников, ретроспективных статистических данных. Исследование показало, что новые макропруденциальные инструменты регулятор первоначально вводит как рекомендуемые, а в дальнейшем переводит в обязательные. Механизм регулирования основан на зависимости показателей достаточности банковского капитала от фактических значений показателей полной стоимости кредита и долговой нагрузки заемщика - физического лица. Регулирование ипотечного жилищного кредитования дополнено использованием показателя, характеризующего соотношение между ипотечным долгом и стоимостью обеспечения. Сделан вывод, что реакция банковского сектора на введение показателя полной стоимости кредита более выраженная, чем на введение показателя долговой нагрузки. С введением механизма определения достаточности банковского капитала в зависимости от показателя полной стоимости кредита физическому лицу в условиях ограниченных возможностей банков увеличивать собственные средства пропорционально растущей величине рисков банки сократили выдачи высокорискованных кредитов. На фоне пандемии коронавируса практику макропруденциального регулирования кредитного риска банковского сектора дополняет административное введение кредитных каникул в связи с возможным снижением доходов заемщиков - физических лиц. Полученные теоретические и практические результаты могут быть использованы при развитии практики регулирования финансовой стабильности российского банковского сектора, на микроуровне - при формировании и корректировке кредитной политики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article highlights the use of macroprudential instruments by the Bank of Russia that regulate the population Lending of the Russian banking sector. The purpose of the work is to study the theoretical background and practical results of using indicators of the total cost of credit and the debt load of the population to ensure stability of the banking sector. The authors used methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of scientific publications, regulatory sources, retrospective statistics. The study showed that initially, the regulator introduces new macroprudential instruments as recommended, and subsequently transfers them to mandatory. The regulatory mechanism is based on the ratio dependence of the bank capital adequacy on the actual values of the total loan cost and debt load of the borrower - individual. The mortgage debt to collateral value ratio supports the housing mortgage lending regulation process. The authors concluded that the banking sector’s reaction to the introduction of the total credit cost indicator is more prominent than the introduction of the debt burden indicator. When the Bank of Russia obliged to take into account the full cost of the loan when measuring capital adequacy, banks were not able to increase capital; they reduced high-risk lending. The practice of macroprudential regulation of credit risks in the banking sector is complemented by the introduction of credit holidays for borrowers - individuals, who are struggling because of the pandemic. The obtained theoretical and practical results can be used in the development of the financial stability regulation practice in Russia, at the micro-level - when designing and changing credit policy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>показатель долговой нагрузки PTI</kwd><kwd>отношение долга к доходам DTI</kwd><kwd>достаточность капитала банка</kwd><kwd>макропруденциальная политика</kwd><kwd>доходы населения</kwd><kwd>неработающие ссуды</kwd><kwd>резерв на возможные потери по ссудам</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>payment-to-income ratio (PTI)</kwd><kwd>debt-to-income ratio (DTI)</kwd><kwd>bank capital adequacy</kwd><kwd>macroprudential policy</kwd><kwd>household income</kwd><kwd>non-performing loans (NPL)</kwd><kwd>loan loss provisions</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19—010 00801. Тюменский государственный университет, Тюмень, Россия</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project No. 19-010-00801. University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рогова М. В. Ипотечные займы: неоправданные ожидания или экономически неэффективное поведение? ЭКО: всероссийский экономический журнал. 2017;(3):147-154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogova M. V. Mortgage: Unjustified expectations or economically inefficient behavior? EKO: vserossiiskii ekonomicheskiizhurnal = ECO Journal. 2017;(3):147-154. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тимохина Г. С. 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