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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-2-62-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-1575</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БАНКОВСКИЙ СЕКТОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BANK SECTOR</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция роли национальных центральных банков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The evolving role of national central banks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8698-4295</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Вильевна Кузнецова — кандидат исторических наук, доцент.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina V. Kuznetsova — Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Assoc. Prof..</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkuz_55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-8194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларина</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larina</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Игоревна Ларина — кандидат экономических наук, доцент.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga I. Larina — Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Assoc. Prof..</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oilarina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова; Государственный университет управления</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; State University of Management</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецова В.В., Ларина О.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова В.В., Ларина О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova V.V., larina O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1575">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1575</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию современных тенденций в развитии функций и инструментария центральных банков (ЦБ). Цель исследования — выявление новых подходов ЦБ к управлению кризисными явлениями, анализ применяемых инструментов, трансформации деятельности ЦБ и их роли в настоящее время. Авторы используют общенаучные и специальные методы исследования, включая сравнительно-правовой анализ и метод систематизации. Основное внимание уделено последнему периоду международной дискуссии об эволюции роли ЦБ, приведен обзор мнений специалистов по вопросам, связанным с оценкой того, как деятельность ЦБ повлияла на формирование и развитие глобального финансового кризиса 2007 г. Показано, что кризис, вызванный пандемией COVID-19, отличался от распространения кризиса 2007 г., когда сначала были поражены финансовые рынки, а затем реальная экономика через уменьшение доверия и ужесточение кредитных условий для бизнеса и домашних хозяйств. Авторы отмечают, что кризис пандемии развивался иначе: сначала была затронута реальная экономика, что сопровождалось падением ВВП, а затем ухудшились условия в финансовом секторе. Авторы систематизировали реализованные ЦБ меры в ответ на пандемию, которые были проанализированы по группам стран: меры ЦБ развитых экономик и стран с формирующимися рынками. Указанные меры были во многом сходными. На основе сравнительного анализа денежно-кредитного инструментария был сделан вывод, что у ЦБ развитых экономик возможности использования процентных ставок в целях управления кризисом предельно ограничены, а у ЦБ стран с формирующимися рынками еще есть некоторые возможности дальнейшего регулирования. Проанализированы и другие инструменты ЦБ, применявшиеся во время последнего кризиса, вызванного пандемией. Авторы отмечают, что реализованные ЦБ меры отражают их возросшую роль в современных экономических системах и изменение давно известных традиционных функций. Проведенное исследование может быть полезным государственным органам при реализации и координации своей деятельности, а также при совершенствовании правового регулирования деятельности ЦБ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the study of modern trends in the development of functions and instruments of central banks (CB). The article aims to identify new CB approaches to crisis management and the used tools’ analysis and to study the transformation of CB activities and their current role. The authors use general scientific and special research methods, including comparative legal analysis and the method of systematization. The article focuses on the current international discussion on the evolving role of CB, provides an overview of experts’ opinions on issues related to assessing how CB activities influenced the formation and development of the 2007 global financial crisis. The spread of the latest crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic was different from the spread of the 2007 crisis when financial markets were first hit and then stress spread to the real economy through reduced confidence and tightening credit conditions for businesses and households. The authors note that the pandemic crisis developed differently: first, the real economy was affected, which was accompanied by a fall in GDP, and then conditions in the financial sector worsened. The authors systematized the CB measures in response to the pandemic and analyzed them by groups of countries: the CB measures of the advanced economies and countries with emerging markets were broadly similar. Based on a comparative analysis of the monetary instruments, the authors conclude that the advanced economies CBs have extremely limited opportunities to use interest rates to manage the crisis, while the emerging markets CBs still have some space for their regulation. The paper also analyses other CB instruments used during the crisis caused by the pandemic. The authors note that the measures implemented by CBs reflect their increased role in modern economic systems and the change in the long-known traditional functions. This research may be useful to state bodies in the implementation and coordination of the policy in the field of regulation of CB activities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центральные банки</kwd><kwd>функции центральных банков</kwd><kwd>банковская система</kwd><kwd>финансовый кризис</kwd><kwd>кризис</kwd><kwd>вызванный пандемией COVID-19</kwd><kwd>инструменты центральных банков</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central banks</kwd><kwd>functions of central banks</kwd><kwd>banking system</kwd><kwd>financial crisis</kwd><kwd>crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic</kwd><kwd>central banks instruments</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках финансирования гранта РФФИ по проекту № 20–010–00346. Государственный университет управления, Москва, Россия</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Scientific Project No. 20–010– 00346. State University of Management, Moscow, Russia</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чекетти С., Такер П. Операции центральных банков: новая основа и новый словарь. ЭКОНС. Экономический разговор. 03.06.2021. URL: https://econs.online/articles/opinions/byudzhetnaya-politika-novyy-povorot/?bx_sender_conversion_id=363566&amp;utm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cecchetti S., Tucker P. Central bank operations: A new framework and a new vocabulary. ECONS. Economic Conversations. June 03, 2021. 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