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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-5-158-172</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-1812</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОРПОРАТИВНЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CORPORATE FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности и закономерности функционирования финансовых ресурсов цифровых компаний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features and Patterns of Functioning of Financial resources of Digital companies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-0538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скоков</surname><given-names>Р. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skokov</surname><given-names>R. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Юрьевич Скоков — доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры менеджмента и логистики в АПК</p><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman Yu. Skokov —  Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof., Department of Management and Logistics in the Agro-Industrial Сomplex</p><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rskokov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скоков Р.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скоков Р.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skokov R.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1812">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1812</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность исследования обусловлена монополизацией рынков товаров и услуг транснациональными цифровыми компаниями. </p><p>Объектом исследования являются финансы крупнейших в мире компаний — цифровой и нефтяной.</p><p>Предметом исследования выступают экономические отношения в сфере функционирования и регулирования экономического поведения традиционных и цифровых компаний в условиях цифровой трансформации действующих рынков и создания новых рынков цифровых благ.</p><p>Цель исследования —  выявить особенности развития и закономерности функционирования системы финансовых ресурсов цифровых компаний.</p><p>Методологическая база исследования основана на финансовом анализе цифровой и нефтяной компании, включающем сравнительный анализ рыночной капитализации, финансовых результатов и балансов (выручки, чистого дохода, активов, пассивов), финансового состояния, ликвидности, рентабельности, комплексной оценки эффективности деятельности. Установлено, что пять производителей цифровых товаров по капитализации в 2020–2022 гг. входили в топ-12 мировых лидеров и в период пандемии значительно укрепили свои позиции на фоне традиционного бизнеса. Размер крупнейшей нефтяной компании в 2014–2020 гг. больше размера цифровой компании, но разрыв в динамике сократился с 7 раз в 2017 г. до 3 раз в 2020 г. При этом ликвидность баланса цифровой организации в 4–7 раз выше нефтяной компании, финансовое состояние абсолютно устойчивое, независимость от внешних кредиторов высочайшая. Показатели экономической эффективности деятельности у нефтяной компании пока выше, поскольку цифровая компания еще находится на этапе вложения огромных финансовых средств в нематериальные инвестиции для рыночного доминирования. Однако в динамике рентабельность нефтяной компании за последние четыре года сократилась в два раза.</p><p>Автор делает вывод, что в среднесрочной перспективе при сохранении тренда и конъюнктуры рынка может произойти опережение цифровой компании нефтяной по показателям размеров и эффективности. Впервые в зарубежной и отечественной науке предложено увеличить нормативные значения показателей ликвидности и финансовой устойчивости для цифровых компаний в 4–7 раз по сравнению с традиционными организациями, что определяет научную новизну исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relevance of the study is due to the monopolization of the markets for goods and services by transnational digital companies.</p><p>The object of the study is the finances of the two world’s largest digital and oil companies — Meta Platforms Inc. and Saudi Arabian Oil Company.</p><p>The subject of the study is economic relations in the functioning and regulation of the economic behavior of traditional and digital companies in the context of the digital transformation of existing markets and the creation of new markets for digital goods.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to identify the features of development and patterns of functioning of the system of financial resources of digital companies. </p><p>The methodological base of the study is based on the financial analysis of a digital and oil company, including a comparative analysis of market capitalization, financial results and balance sheets (revenue, net income, assets, liabilities), financial condition, liquidity, profitability, and a comprehensive assessment of performance. It has been established that five manufacturers of digital goods by capitalization in 2020–2022 were among the 12 world leaders and significantly strengthened their positions against the backdrop of traditional business during the pandemic. The size of the largest oil company in 2014–2020 was more significant than that of a digital company, but the gap in dynamics decreased from 7 times in 2017 to 3 times in 2020. At the same time, the liquidity of the balance sheet of a digital organization is 4–7 times higher than that of an oil company, the financial condition is absolutely stable, and independence from external creditors is the highest. The oil company’s cost-effectiveness indicators are still higher, as the digital one invests in network development and attracting new users. However, in dynamics, the oil company’s profitability has halved over the past four years.</p><p>The author comes to the conclusion that in the medium term, a digital company is projected to outperform an oil company in terms of size and efficiency. For the first time in international and domestic science, it is proposed to increase normative values of liquidity and financial stability indicators of a digital company by 4–7 times higher compared to traditional organizations, which determines the scientific novelty of the study.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>финансовый анализ</kwd><kwd>цифровая компания</kwd><kwd>нефтяная компания</kwd><kwd>особенности</kwd><kwd>закономерности</kwd><kwd>нормы ликвидности</kwd><kwd>нормы финансовой устойчивости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>financial analysis</kwd><kwd>digital company</kwd><kwd>oil company</kwd><kwd>features</kwd><kwd>patterns</kwd><kwd>liquidity norms</kwd><kwd>financial stability standards</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (РФФИ) и Экспертного института социальных исследований (ЭИСИ) в рамках научного проекта № 21-011-31619. Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет, Волгоград, Россия.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and the Expert Institute for Social Research (EISR) as part of research project No. 21-011-31619. Volgograd State Agrarian University, Volgograd, Russia.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hojnik J. Technology neutral EU law: Digital goods within the traditional goods/services distinction. International Journal of Law and Information Technology. 2017;25(1):63–84. DOI: 10.1093/ijlit/eaw009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hojnik J. Technology neutral EU law: Digital goods within the traditional goods/services distinction. International Journal of Law and Information Technology. 2017;25(1):63–84. 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