financeФинансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and PracticeFinance: Theory and Practice2587-56712587-7089Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-5-186-206finance-1814Research ArticleМЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ФИНАНСЫINTERNATIONAL FINANCEВлияние качества институционального устройства экономики на доходное неравенство домохозяйств: результаты кросс-национального исследованияImpact of the Quality of the Institutional Structure of the Economy on Income Inequality of Households: Results of a Cross-National Studyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-9900ДорофеевМ. Л.DorofeevM. L.

 Михаил Львович Дорофеев — кандидат экономических наук, доцент департамента общественных финансов

Москва

 Mikhail L. Dorofeev — Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Public  Financе

 Moscow

dorofeevml@yandex.ruФинансовый университетРоссияFinancial UniversityRussian Federation202208112022265186206Copyright © Дорофеев М.Л., 20222022Дорофеев М.Л.Dorofeev M.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1814

Качество институционального устройства и эффективность работы государственных институтов является важными условиями для устойчивого и динамичного экономического роста. Данные факторы могут оказывать значительное влияние на динамику экономического неравенства и бедности в стране. Количество публикаций на эту тему начало активно увеличиваться около 20–30 лет назад. Ученые искали ответ на вопрос о том, способно ли правительство оказывать существенное влияние на проблему растущего с 1980-х гг. экономического неравенства и от чего это зависит. Данная тема сохраняет свою актуальность и сегодня, поскольку по состоянию на текущий момент не были получены все необходимые ответы.

Цель исследования —  уточнение взаимосвязей между качеством институционального устройства экономики и доходным неравенством домохозяйств.

Использованы методы: анализа и синтеза, систематизации, классификации и категоризации информации, классического корреляционного анализа, а также метода анализа качественной попарной корреляции. Установлено, что в отдельно взятых странах наблюдается достаточно высокая зависимость между анализируемыми переменными, которая может принимать как отрицательные, так и положительные значения. Анализируя полную выборку стран, а также группируя ее по уровню доходного неравенства, мы не выявили какой-либо закономерности или особого признака, по которому зависимость между исследуемыми переменными становится более выраженной и отдаленной от нуля. Показано, что значение корреляции между переменным находится чуть ниже нуля по коэффициенту корреляции Пирсона. Более однозначные результаты были получены, когда список стран был отфильтрован по показателю индекса прозрачности неравенства. Анализируя эту часть выборки, мы получили результаты с умеренно отрицательной зависимостью между исследуемыми переменными.

Сделан вывод, что для развитых стран с эффективным правительством и сравнительно невысоким уровнем доходного неравенства снижение качества институционального устройства экономики в среднем будет сопровождаться ростом доходного неравенства и наоборот.

Institutional quality and effectiveness of government institutions are important factors for sustainable and dynamic economic growth. These factors can have a significant impact on the dynamics of economic inequality and poverty in a country. The number of publications on this topic began to increase about 20–30 years ago. Scientists have been researching whether the government is able to influence the problem of economic inequality, which is growing since the 1980s, and on what factors it depends.

This topic remains relevant today, as all the necessary answers have not been received yet.

The purpose of this research article is to clarify the relationships between the institutional structure quality of an economy and the income inequality of households.

The article uses such methods as analysis and synthesis, systematization, classification, and categorization of information; classical correlation analysis, as well as the method of analysis of qualitative pairwise correlation. The study highlights that there is high dependence between the analyzed variables in some countries if we look at them in separately. This dependency can take on both negative and positive values. At the same time, analyzing the full sample of countries, as well as in quartile groups classified by the level of income inequality, we did not reveal any pattern or special sign by which the dependence between the studied variables becomes more pronounced and distant from zero. The study shows that the correlation value between the variables is just below zero over the Pearson correlation coefficient. More unambiguous results were obtained when the list of countries was filtered by the indicator of the inequality transparency index. When analyzing this particular portion of our sample of countries, we obtained results with moderately negative dependence between the study variables.

We concluded that for developed countries with an effective government and relatively low levels of income inequality, the decline in the quality of the institutional structure of the economy on average will be accompanied by an increase in income inequality and vice versa.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.