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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-5-207-219</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-1815</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЛОГОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TAX POlICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблема двойного экономического налогообложения распределенной прибыли и сценарии реформ в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Problem of Double economic taxation of Distributed Profits and reform scenarios in russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8858-0182</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милоголов</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milogolov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Сергеевич Милоголов —  кандидат экономических наук, руководитель Лаборатории исследований налоговой политики; ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai S. Milogolov —  Сand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the RANEPA Tax Policy Research Laboratory; Leading Researcher</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milogolov@iep.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-8912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берберов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berberov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азамат Бурханович Берберов —  кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Azamat B. Berberov —  Сand. Sci. (Econ.), Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berberov@iep.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РАНХиГС; НИФИ Минфина Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RANEPA; NIFI of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РАНХиГС</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RANEPA</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>207</fpage><lpage>219</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Милоголов Н.С., Берберов А.Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Милоголов Н.С., Берберов А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Milogolov N.S., Berberov A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1815">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1815</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию экономических и налоговых искажений, возникающих вследствие двойного экономического налогообложения при распределении прибыли в форме дивидендов участникам–физическим лицам.</p><p>Целью работы является выработка подходов к развитию российской налоговой системы. Для ее достижения в статье обобщены теоретические идеи решения проблемы и практические подходы зарубежных стран, а также исследован российский контекст. Проанализированы особенности российской налоговой системы, которые включают в себя, во-первых, искажения налоговых условий в пользу долгового финансирования компаний, во-вторых, достаточно конкурентоспособный по сравнению с развитыми странами уровень совокупной налоговой ставки при налогообложении распределяемой прибыли. Выявлено наличие «долгового перекоса» в финансировании российских компаний. Рассмотрены различные сценарии совершенствования российской налоговой системы.</p><p>Авторами сделан вывод о целесообразности перехода к системе налогообложения капитала, предусматривающей частичное освобождение дивидендов от налогообложения на уровне физического лица —  получателя прибыли и гармонизацию режима налогообложения дивидендов с режимом налогообложения доходов от прироста стоимости капитала.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the research of economic and tax distortions arising from double economic taxation of distributed profits in the form of dividends to participants–individuals.</p><p>The goal of the article is to develop approaches to the development of the Russian tax system. In order to achieve it, we summarize theoretical ideas of solving the problem and approaches of foreign countries. We also review the Russian context of taxation of dividends. The following features of Russian tax system are analyzed. First, distortion of tax regime in favor of debt financing of companies, and second, sufficiently competitive level of aggregate tax rate on distributed profits compared to developed countries. The presence of “debt bias” in the financing of Russian companies was revealed.</p><p>The different scenarios of reform of the Russian tax system are analyzed. The authors concluded that feasibility of transition to capital taxation with two elements: (1) partial exemption of dividends from taxation at the level of individual (recipient of profits) and (2) harmonization of the dividend tax regime with income tax regime from capital appreciation.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>налоговая политика</kwd><kwd>распределение прибыли</kwd><kwd>дивиденды</kwd><kwd>двойное налогообложение</kwd><kwd>вычет условных процентов</kwd><kwd>налоговая система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd> tax policy</kwd><kwd>profit distribution</kwd><kwd>dividends</kwd><kwd>double taxation</kwd><kwd>notional interest deduction</kwd><kwd>tax system</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы по теме государственного задания Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации. РАНХиГС, Москва, Россия.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared within the framework of the research on the state assignment of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation. RANEPA, Moscow, Russia.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harding M. Taxation of dividend, interest, and capital gain income. OECD Taxation Working Papers. 2013;(19). URL: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/5k3wh96w246k-en.pdf?expires=1660986342&amp;id=id&amp;accname=guest&amp;checksum=39B3CA6896A41F9DE54BC62CCFCCE98A</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harding M. Taxation of dividend, interest, and capital gain income. OECD Taxation Working Papers. 2013;(19). 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