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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-5-220-232</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-1816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИФРОВЫЕ ФИНАНСОВЫЕ АКТИВЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Криптовалюты vs цифровые валюты центральных банков: роль финансовой грамотности населения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cryptocurrencies vs Central Banks' Digital Currencies: The Role of Financial Literacy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-8060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любовь Вячеславовна Крылова — доктор экономических наук, профессор департамента мировых финансов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov’ V. Krylova —  Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof. of the Department of World Finance</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">LVKrylova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-1139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукашенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukashenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Владимировна Лукашенко —  кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент департамента мировых финансов, руководитель Международной финансовой лаборатории</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna V. Lukashenko —  Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Assoc. Prof., Assoc. Prof. of the World Finance Department, Head of the International Financial Laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivlukashenko@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>232</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крылова Л.В., Лукашенко И.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крылова Л.В., Лукашенко И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krylova L.V., Lukashenko I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1816">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/1816</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время в трансформации мировой валютно-финансовой системы возникла точка бифуркации, связанная с определением путей ее дальнейшей цифровой трансформации: будет ли она проходить на основе частных цифровых валют типа Биткойна или же на основе цифровых валют центрального банка (ЦВЦБ). В значительной степени это зависит от готовности экономических агентов к использованию виртуальных валют.</p><p>Цель исследования —  изучение факторов, определяющих отношение экономических агентов к цифровым валютам и влияние финансовой грамотности на использование этих инструментов в качестве объекта инвестирования и средства платежа.</p><p>Авторы использовали следующие методы: контент-анализ, ретроспективный анализ, межстрановой сравнительный анализ и эмпирическое исследование в форме онлайн-анкетирования студентов финансового профиля выпускных курсов. Представленное исследование является одним из первых, позволивших выявить различия в оценке своих знаний и готовности к использованию цифровых валют студентов финансового и нефинансового профиля, а также подтвердить более взвешенную оценку рисков и возможностей разных видов виртуальных валют при наличии у них финансовых знаний. Показано, что ситуация с принятием решений экономических агентов по вопросам использования криптовалют и ЦВЦБ существенно различается: в первом случае инициатива исходит от самих экономических агентов, принимающих решения на свой страх и риск, во втором —  экономические агенты ставятся перед фактом существования ЦВЦБ и необходимости их использования.</p><p>Сделан вывод о том, что низкая финансово-цифровая грамотность населения может создать ментальный барьер для использования ЦВЦБ, осложнив их внедрение в национальных денежных системах. Отсутствие финансовой подготовки и низкая финансовая грамотность приводят к переоценке своих знаний участниками рынка криптовалют.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A bifurcation point has arisen in the transformation of the global monetary and financial system, associated with its further digital transformation: will it be based on private digital currencies like Bitcoin, or on the basis of central bank digital currencies (CBDC)? To a large extent, this depends on the willingness of economic agents to use virtual currencies.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to explore the factors determining the attitude of economic agents to digital currencies and the impact of financial literacy on using these instruments as an investment object and means of payment.</p><p>The authors use the following research methods: content analysis, retrospective analysis, methods of comparative cross-country analysis, and empirical research in the form of an online survey of graduate financial students. This study is one of the first to reveal differences in the assessment of their knowledge and readiness to use digital currencies of financial and non-financial students, as well as to confirm an adequate assessment of the risks and opportunities of different types of virtual currencies if students have financial knowledge. The research shows that the situation with the decisionmaking of economic agents on the use of cryptocurrencies and the CBDC differs: in the first case, the initiative comes from the economic agents themselves, who make decisions at their own peril and risk; in the second case, economic agents are confronted with the fact of the existence of the CBDC and the need to use them.</p><p>The authors conclude that the population’s low financial and digital literacy can create a mental barrier to the use of CBDC, complicating their implementation in national monetary systems. The lack of financial literacy leads to an exaggeration of their knowledge by participants in the cryptocurrency market.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>криптовалюты</kwd><kwd>цифровые валюты</kwd><kwd>финансовая грамотность</kwd><kwd>финансовая доступность</kwd><kwd>ЦВЦБ</kwd><kwd>Биткойн</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryptocurrencies</kwd><kwd>digital currencies</kwd><kwd>financial literacy</kwd><kwd>financial inclusion</kwd><kwd>CBDC</kwd><kwd>Bitcoin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boar C., Holden H., Wadsworth А. Impending arrival — a sequel to the survey on central bank digital currency. Bank for International Settlements. BIS Papers. 2020;(107). URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap107.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boar C., Holden H., Wadsworth А. 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