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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2023-27-2-131-139</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-2085</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЛОГИ И СБОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TAXES AND FEES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка недополучения налога на добавленную стоимость в Узбекистане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimating Value Added Tax Gap in Uzbekistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8075-9938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ниязметов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Niyazmetov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исломбек Машарипович Ниязметов - доктор экономических наук, заведующий кафедрой налоговой политики</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Islombek M. Niyazmetov - Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Head of department of Tax policy</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">islambekniyazmetov2022@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Налоговый институт при Государственном налоговом комитете Республики Узбекистан</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Banking and Finance Academy of Republic of Uzbekistan</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ниязметов И.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ниязметов И.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Niyazmetov I.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/2085">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/2085</self-uri><abstract><p>Предметом исследования является изучение теоретической литературы по оценке эффективности механизма налога на добавленную стоимость (НДС), а также выявление критериев анализа механизма НДС. Цель научной работы — исследовать методы оценки эффективности механизма НДС и на этой основе оценить недобор НДС в Узбекистане и факторы, влияющие на него. Важность исследования подтверждается значительным вкладом данного налога в достаточность и стабильность бюджетных доходов в странах с механизмом налога на потребление. Для расчета недобора НДС используется математический подход, основанный на коэффициенте C-efficiency (Collection efficiency). Данная модель оценивает несоответствие между фактическими поступлениями НДС и максимальной суммой налоговых поступлений, которую можно было бы получить, облагая налогом все (и только) конечные потребительские расходы в экономике. Новизна исследования обоснована адаптацией модели к спецификации структуры НДС в Узбекистане и последними данными для оценки разрыва НДС. В результате исследования сделан вывод, что механизм НДС в Узбекистане в два раза неэффективнее идеального механизма. Оценки показывают, что в период с 2016 по 2020 г. в среднем четверть потенциального дохода от НДС не собирается из-за разрыва в соблюдении требований (Compliance Gap), в то время как разрыв в политике (Policy Gap) ответственен за более чем треть идеальной потери дохода от НДС. Для повышения уровня соответствия рекомендуется оптимизировать системы сбора и контроля в дополнение к модификации политики, включающей реформы объектов налогообложения, субъектов, ставок, стимулов и других элементов налогообложения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the paper is to study of the theoretical literature on evaluate the effectiveness of the value added tax (VAT) mechanism, and identification of criteria for the analysis of the VAT mechanism. The purpose of the paper is to investigate methods for evaluating the effectiveness of VAT mechanism and, on that basis, to evaluate the VAT gap in Uzbekistan and the factors influencing it. The importance of the paper is confirmed by the significant contribution of the tax to the sufficiency and stability of budget revenue in countries with consumption tax mechanisms. A mathematical approach based on the C-efficiency (Collection efficiency) ratio is used to calculate the VAT gap. This model evaluates the discrepancy between actual VAT income and the maximum amount of tax revenue that could be obtained by taxing all (and only) final consumer spending in the economy. The novelty of the paper is justified by adaptation of model to the specification of VAT structure of Uzbekistan and recent data to estimate VAT gap. The research concluded that Uzbekistan’s VAT mechanism is twice as inefficient as its ideal mechanism. Estimates for 2016 and 2020 indicate that on average a quarter of potential VAT revenue is not collected due to Compliance Gap, while Policy Gap is responsible for over a third of the ideal loss of VAT revenue. In order to improve compliance, it is recommended to optimize the collection and control systems in addition to policy modifications that include reforms of tax objects, subjects, rates, incentives, and other tax elements.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>НДС</kwd><kwd>налоговый разрыв</kwd><kwd>уклонение от уплаты налогов</kwd><kwd>добавленная стоимость</kwd><kwd>потребление</kwd><kwd>механизм НДС</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>VAT</kwd><kwd>tax gap</kwd><kwd>tax evasion</kwd><kwd>value added</kwd><kwd>consumption</kwd><kwd>VAT mechanism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kowal A., Przekota G. VAT efficiency — a discussion on the VAT system in the European Union. Sustainability. 2021;13(9):4768. DOI: 10.3390/su13094768</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kowal A., Przekota G. 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