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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2023-27-3-65-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-2191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИНАНСОВАЯ СИСТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FINANCIAL SYSTEM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Государственные микрофинансовые организации как элемент финансовой системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public-type MFOs as an element of financial system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-3667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пышкин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyshkin</surname><given-names>А. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Николаевич Пышкин — эксперт</p><p>дер. Сколково, Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Pyshkin — expert</p><p>Skolkovo Village, Moscow Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrew.pyshkin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НОУ ДПО Московская школа управления «СКОЛКОВО»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пышкин А.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пышкин А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pyshkin А.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/2191">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/2191</self-uri><abstract><p>Предметом исследования является структура сегмента микрофинансовых организаций (МФО), среди учредителей которых есть органы исполнительной власти субъектов РФ. Цель работы — определение роли и места государственных МФО, в том числе проблем их учета, идентификации и надзора в качестве самостоятельного элемента рынка МФО. Актуальность исследования обусловлена отсутствием в публичной сфере перечня государственных МФО, необходимостью контроля и оценки эффективности мер государственной финансовой поддержки предпринимательства в условиях ограничений, связанных с распространением новой коронавирусной инфекции и санкций. Научная новизна обусловлена отсутствием исследований и анализа структуры сегмента государственных микрофинансовых организаций как части российского рынка МФО. В работе предложен алгоритм и проведена идентификация государственных микрофинансовых организаций, проанализирована их структура и соотношение с рынком МФО в целом. Автор использует методы статистического и контент-анализа, работы с государственными базами данных [в частности, ЕГРЮЛ, реестрами МФО, ведение которых осуществляет ЦБ РФ, Единым реестром инфраструктуры поддержки субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства (МСП)]. В результате автор сформировал перечень МФО, относимых к государственным МФО, определил структуру сегмента государственных МФО в сравнении с МФО в целом и сделал вывод о его самостоятельности внутри системы МФО за счет большей некоммерческой ориентации данного сегмента, равномерности его географического распределения и его композиционном единстве в разрезе организационно-правовых форм и форм собственности. Автор рекомендует определить уполномоченный орган в лице Корпорации МСП для формирования публичного перечня государственных МФО, вести проактивную работу с органами исполнительной власти субъектов РФ в части вовлечения созданных ими МФО в программы поддержки предпринимательства и вовлекать государственные МФО в программы льготного кредитования бизнеса, реализуемые через банки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the research is to define the structure of microfinance organizations (MFOs) with the Russian Region’s authorities within the founders (participants, shareholders). The aim of the paper is to define the role of the public-type MFOs, including the problems of their accounting, identification and supervision as an independent element of the MFOs market. The relevance of the research is due to the lack of list of public-type MFOs, the need of State Entrepreneurship Financial Support Policy control and measurement in the context of the new coronavirus infection and sanctions. The scientific novelty emerges, as there is no research about the public-type MFOs as the solid part of the Russian MFO market. The author develops an algorithm to identify public-type MFOs, analyzes the composition of this segment compared to the MFO Market structure in general. The author uses methods of statistical and content analysis, public data bases (the State Register of Legal Entities, registers of MFOs by the Bank of Russia, the Register of Infrastructure for SME Support). The results are the list of public-type MFOs, determination of the composition of this segment compared to the MFOs system as a whole. The author concludes that public-type MFOs have greater non-commercial orientation of this segment, its geographical distribution and its compositional unity in terms of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership. The author recommends: to identify the RSMB Corporation in charge of the List of the public-type MFOs, to involve MFOs, created by the local authorities, into the SME Support activities, and public-type MFOs — into the preferential bank-loans Programs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>финансовый рынок</kwd><kwd>инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>развитие предпринимательства</kwd><kwd>МСП</kwd><kwd>государство</kwd><kwd>микрофинансовые организации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>entrepreneurship support</kwd><kwd>financial support</kwd><kwd>SME</kwd><kwd>microfinance organizations</kwd><kwd>MFO</kwd><kwd>public-type MFO</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moro-Visconti R. The microfinance background. In: MicroFinTech. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan; 2021:9–55. (Palgrave Studies in Financial Services Technology). 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