financeФинансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and PracticeFinance: Theory and Practice2587-56712587-7089Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation10.26794/2587-5671-2016-20-1-96-110finance-253Research ArticleФИНАНСЫ, ДЕНЕЖНОЕ ОБРАЩЕНИЕ И КРЕДИТFINANCES, MONETARY ADDRESS AND CREDITИСЛАМСКИЕ ФИНАНСЫ КАК СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЙ ОРИЕНТИР РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИИISLAMIC FINANCE AS A STRATEGIC POINT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAЗариповИ. А.ZaripovI. A.i.zaripov@zenit.ruБанковская группа «ЗЕНИТ»РоссияRussian Association of Islamic Finance ExpertsRussian Federation20161010201720196110Copyright © Зарипов И.А., 20172017Зарипов И.А.Zaripov I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/253

В статье представлен авторский взгляд на современные политические и финансовые проблемы, стоящие перед Российской Федерацией, особенно обострившиеся в связи с недавними экономическими кризисами, снижением цен на экспортные товары и санкциями ряда западных стран. Приводятся доказательства необходимости пересмотра концепции и стратегии развития страны, а также основных принципов, используемых в финансовых взаимоотношениях. Автор приходит к выводу об особой актуальности и необходимости развития альтернативных финансов, прежде всего построенных на исламских финансовых принципах (соответствующих исламскому праву). Именно исламские финансовые институты должны быть партнерами для растущего быстрыми темпами сектора производства халяльных товаров и услуг.

The paper describes the author’s view on the current political and financial challenges facing the Russian Federation, particularly aggravated by recent economic crises, falling export prices and sanctions of some Western countries. Proofs of the need to revise the concept and strategy of the country’s development as well as the basic principles used in financial interrelations are provided. The author comes to the conclusion about the urgency and need to develop alternative finance, primarily based on Islamic financial principles (conformant to the Islamic law). Islamic financial institutions, in particular, should be partners for the fast growing sector of the halal products and services production.

исламские финансыпересмотр парадигмы развитияфинансовая система РоссииIslamic financerevision of the development paradigmRussian financial systemReferencesБадов А. Деньги - дар Аллаха. Исламские банки выдвигают альтернативную западную модель финансирования экономики // Эксперт. 2000. № 4 (31 янв.). С. 16-19.Badov A. Money — Allah’s gift. Islamic banks put forward alternative western model of fi nancing of economy [Den’gi — dar Allaha. Islamskie banki vydvigajut al’ternativnuju zapadnuju model’ fi nansirovanija jekonomiki]. Expert — Jekspert, 2000, no. 4 (31 January), pp. 16–19 (in Russian).Журавлев А. Исламские финансы и их перспективы: Один источник и три составные части исламской финансовой системы: банкинг, инвестиционные фонды и сукук // Вестник НАУФОР. 2008. № 9. С. 28-39.Zhuravlev A. Islamic finance and their prospects: One source and three components of an Islamic financial system: banking, investment funds and sukuk [Islamskie finansy i ih perspektivy: Odin istochnik i tri sostavnye chasti islamskoj fi nansovoj sistemy: banking, investicionnye fondy i sukuk]. Messenger NAUFOR — Vestnik NAUFOR, 2008, no. 9, pp. 28–39 (in Russian).Шариатские стандарты AAOIFI переведут на русский и французский языки. 7.12.2015. [Электронный ресурс] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2305/ (дата обращения: 11.12.2015).Zhuravlev A. Islamic finance and their prospects: One source and three components of an Islamic financial system: banking, investment funds and sukuk [Islamskie finansy i ih perspektivy: Odin istochnik i tri sostavnye chasti islamskoj fi nansovoj sistemy: banking, investicionnye fondy i sukuk]. Messenger NAUFOR — Vestnik NAUFOR, 2008, no. 9, pp. 28–39 (in Russian).В Госдуме представлен законопроект, связанный с возможностью реализации исламского лизинга. 24.11.2015. [Электронный ресурс] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2282/ (дата обращения: 30.11.2015).The sharia AAOIFI standards will translate into the Russian and French languages [Shariatskie standarty AAOIFI perevedut na russkij i francuzskij jazyki]. 7.12.2015. [Electronic resource] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2305/ (Accessed 11 Decembre 2015) (in Russian).В Госдуму внесен законопроект по беспроцентным вкладам. 5.12.2015. [Электронный ресурс] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2301/ (дата обращения: 11.12.2015)The sharia AAOIFI standards will translate into the Russian and French languages [Shariatskie standarty AAOIFI perevedut na russkij i francuzskij jazyki]. 7.12.2015. [Electronic resource] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2305/ (Accessed 11 Decembre 2015) (in Russian).Малашенко А. Исламская альтернатива и исламистский проект: монография. М.: Весь мир, 2006. 221 с.In the State Duma the bill connected with possibility of realization of Islamic leasing is submitted [V Gosdume predstavlen zakonoproekt, svjazannyj s vozmozhnost’ju realizacii islamskogo lizinga]. 24.11.2015. [Electronic resource] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2282/ (Accessed 30 November 2015) (in Russian).Журавлев А.Ю. Ислам и экономика. [Электронный ресурс] politeconomy.ng.ru., http://forum.aztop.com/index. php? showtopic=25595 (дата обращения: 8.12.2015).In the State Duma the bill connected with possibility of realization of Islamic leasing is submitted [V Gosdume predstavlen zakonoproekt, svjazannyj s vozmozhnost’ju realizacii islamskogo lizinga]. 24.11.2015. [Electronic resource] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2282/ (Accessed 30 November 2015) (in Russian).Chowdhury Shahed Akbar. Islamic Banking: History and Development / Financial Express. URL: http://old.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2015/03/31/86909 (дата обращения: 8.12.2015).The bill on interest-free deposits is introduced in the State Duma [V Gosdumu vnesen zakonoproekt po besprocentnym vkladam]. 5.12.2015. [Electronic resource] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2301/ (Accessed 11Decembre 2015) (in Russian).Зарипов И.А. Исламские финансы: первый опыт и проблемы развития в банковском секторе, страховании и на финансовых рынках России. [Электронный ресурс] http://отрасли-права.рф/article/2710 (дата обращения: 8.11.2015).The bill on interest-free deposits is introduced in the State Duma [V Gosdumu vnesen zakonoproekt po besprocentnym vkladam]. 5.12.2015. [Electronic resource] http://www.muslimeco.ru/onews/2301/ (Accessed 11Decembre 2015) (in Russian).Журавлев А.Ю. Особенности функционирования исламских банков // Ближний Восток и современность. 2002. Вып. 14. С. 46-60.Malashenko A. Islamskaya alternative and Islamic project: monograph [Islamskaja al’ternativa i islamistskij proekt: monografi ja]. Moscow, Whole world, 2006, 221 p. (in Russian).Петров А.В., Зарипов И. А. Исламские банки: концепция, история возникновения, современное состояние и перспективы развития // Деньги и кредит. 2002. № 10. C. 51-55.Malashenko A. Islamskaya alternative and Islamic project: monograph [Islamskaja al’ternativa i islamistskij proekt: monografi ja]. Moscow, Whole world, 2006, 221 p. (in Russian).Зарипов И.А. Исламские принципы финансирования. Экспертное обсуждение в Ассоциации российских банков. [Электронный ресурс] http://arb.ru/b2b/discussion/islamskie_printsipy_finansirovaniya-9834871 (дата обращения: 22.08.2014).Zhuravlev A.Yu. Islam and economy [Islam i jekonomika]. [Electronic resource] http:// politeconomy.ng.ru., http://forum.aztop.com/index. php? showtopic=25595 (Accessed 8 Decembre 2015) (in Russian).Журавлев А.Ю. Концептуальные начала исламской экономики // Исламские финансы в современном мире. Экономические и правовые аспекты. 2004. С. 5-37.Zhuravlev A.Yu. Islam and economy [Islam i jekonomika]. [Electronic resource] http:// politeconomy.ng.ru., http://forum.aztop.com/index. php? showtopic=25595 (Accessed 8 Decembre 2015) (in Russian).Ahmad Shaikh Mahmud. Economics of Islam: a Comparative Study. Lahore, 1947.Chowdhury Shahed Akbar. Islamic Banking: History and Development // Financial Express. URL: http://old.thefi nancialexpress-bd.com/2015/03/31/86909 (Accessed 8 Decembre 2015).Islamic Finance Prospects and Challenges, MIFC, 28.08.2015, Kuala-Lumpur, 128 p.Chowdhury Shahed Akbar. Islamic Banking: History and Development // Financial Express. URL: http://old.thefi nancialexpress-bd.com/2015/03/31/86909 (Accessed 8 Decembre 2015).Ernst &Young. World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report, 2014, London, 386 p.Zaripov I.A. Islamic finance: the first experience and problems of development in the banking sector, insurance and in the fi nancial markets of Russia [Islamskie fi nansy: pervyj opyt i problemy razvitija v bankovskom sektore, strahovanii i na finansovyh rynkah Rossii]. [Electronic resource] http://branch-prava.rf/article/2710 (Accessed 8 November 2015) (in Russian).IFSB Stability Report, IFSB, 2015, Kuala Lumpur, 288 p.Zaripov I.A. Islamic finance: the first experience and problems of development in the banking sector, insurance and in the fi nancial markets of Russia [Islamskie fi nansy: pervyj opyt i problemy razvitija v bankovskom sektore, strahovanii i na finansovyh rynkah Rossii]. [Electronic resource] http://branch-prava.rf/article/2710 (Accessed 8 November 2015) (in Russian).Mihalik Michael. Debt is Slavery and 9 Other Things I Wish My Dad Had Taught Me About Money/ October Mist Publishing, 2007 p. 44.Zhuravlev A.Yu. Features of functioning of Islamic banks [Osobennosti funkcionirovanija islamskih bankov]. Middle East and present — Blizhnij Vostok i sovremennost’, 2002, vyp. 14, pp. 46–60 (in Russian).Melchionda Marina. Sardinia - Continent within Italy. Электронный ресурс: URL: http://www.iitaly.org/14615/sardinia-continent-within-italy (дата обращения: 3.12.2015).Zhuravlev A.Yu. Features of functioning of Islamic banks [Osobennosti funkcionirovanija islamskih bankov]. Middle East and present — Blizhnij Vostok i sovremennost’, 2002, vyp. 14, pp. 46–60 (in Russian).Эскиндаров М.А. Экономическая политика России в условиях глобальной турбулентности. Первый Международный форум Финансового университета // Вестник Финансового университета. 2014. № 6. С. 6-9.Petrov A.V., Zaripov I.A. Islamic banks: concept, emergence history, current state and prospects of development [Islamskie banki: koncepcija, istorija vozniknovenija, sovremennoe sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija]. Money and credit– Den’gi i kredit, 2002, no. 10, pp. 51–55 (in Russian).В Москве представили концепцию православной финансовой системы, которая выдержит любой кризис. Новости Newsru.com. 22.12.2014. [Электронный ресурс] http://www.newsru.com/religy/22dec2014/chaplin_banking.html (дата обращения: 30.12.2014).Petrov A.V., Zaripov I.A. Islamic banks: concept, emergence history, current state and prospects of development [Islamskie banki: koncepcija, istorija vozniknovenija, sovremennoe sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija]. Money and credit– Den’gi i kredit, 2002, no. 10, pp. 51–55 (in Russian).Стенограмма заседания круглого стола «Альтернативный банкинг в России: перспективы и законодательная альтернатива», Комитет Госдумы по финансовому рынку, 15 мая 2015 г.Zaripov I.A. Islamic principles of fi nancing. Expert discussion in Association of the Russian banks [Islamskie principy fi nansirovanija. Jekspertnoe obsuzhdenie v Associacii rossijskih bankov]. [Electronic resource] http://arb.ru/b2b/discussion/islamskie_printsipy_finansirovaniya-9834871 (Accessed 22 August 2014) (in Russian).Zaripov I.A. Islamic principles of fi nancing. Expert discussion in Association of the Russian banks [Islamskie principy fi nansirovanija. Jekspertnoe obsuzhdenie v Associacii rossijskih bankov]. [Electronic resource] http://arb.ru/b2b/discussion/islamskie_printsipy_finansirovaniya-9834871 (Accessed 22 August 2014) (in Russian).Zaripov I.A. Islamic principles of fi nancing. Expert discussion in Association of the Russian banks [Islamskie principy fi nansirovanija. Jekspertnoe obsuzhdenie v Associacii rossijskih bankov]. [Electronic resource] http://arb.ru/b2b/discussion/islamskie_printsipy_finansirovaniya-9834871 (Accessed 22 August 2014) (in Russian).Zhuravlev A.Yu. The conceptual beginnings of Islamic economy [Konceptual’nye nachala islamskoj jekonomiki]. Islamic fi nance in the modern world. Economic and legal aspects– Islamskie fi nansy v sovremennom mire. Jekonomicheskie i pravovye aspekty, 2004, pp. 5–24 (in Russian).Zhuravlev A.Yu. The conceptual beginnings of Islamic economy [Konceptual’nye nachala islamskoj jekonomiki]. Islamic fi nance in the modern world. Economic and legal aspects– Islamskie fi nansy v sovremennom mire. Jekonomicheskie i pravovye aspekty, 2004, pp. 5–24 (in Russian).Zhuravlev A.Yu. The conceptual beginnings of Islamic economy [Konceptual’nye nachala islamskoj jekonomiki]. Islamic fi nance in the modern world. Economic and legal aspects– Islamskie fi nansy v sovremennom mire. Jekonomicheskie i pravovye aspekty, 2004, pp. 5–24 (in Russian).Zhuravlev A.Yu. The conceptual beginnings of Islamic economy [Konceptual’nye nachala islamskoj jekonomiki]. Islamic fi nance in the modern world. Economic and legal aspects– Islamskie fi nansy v sovremennom mire. Jekonomicheskie i pravovye aspekty, 2004, pp. 5–24 (in Russian).Ahmad Shaikh Mahmud. Economics of Islam: a Comparative Study. Lahore. 1947.Ahmad Shaikh Mahmud. Economics of Islam: a Comparative Study. Lahore. 1947.Ahmad Shaikh Mahmud. Economics of Islam: a Comparative Study. Lahore. 1947.Ahmad Shaikh Mahmud. Economics of Islam: a Comparative Study. Lahore. 1947.Islamic Finance Prospects and Challenges, MIFC, 28.08.2015, Kuala-Lumpur, 128 p.Islamic Finance Prospects and Challenges, MIFC, 28.08.2015, Kuala-Lumpur, 128 p.Islamic Finance Prospects and Challenges, MIFC, 28.08.2015, Kuala-Lumpur, 128 p.Islamic Finance Prospects and Challenges, MIFC, 28.08.2015, Kuala-Lumpur, 128 p.Ernst &Young. World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report, 2014, London, 386 p.Ernst &Young. World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report, 2014, London, 386 p.Ernst &Young. World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report, 2014, London, 386 p.Ernst &Young. World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report, 2014, London, 386 p.IFSB Stability Report, IFSB, 2015, Kuala Lumpur, 288 p.IFSB Stability Report, IFSB, 2015, Kuala Lumpur, 288 p.IFSB Stability Report, IFSB, 2015, Kuala Lumpur, 288 p.IFSB Stability Report, IFSB, 2015, Kuala Lumpur, 288 p.Mihalik Michael. Debt is Slavery and 9 Other Things I Wish My Dad Had Taught Me About Money. 2007. October Mist Publishing. P. 44.Mihalik Michael. Debt is Slavery and 9 Other Things I Wish My Dad Had Taught Me About Money. 2007. October Mist Publishing. P. 44.Mihalik Michael. Debt is Slavery and 9 Other Things I Wish My Dad Had Taught Me About Money. 2007. October Mist Publishing. P. 44.Mihalik Michael. Debt is Slavery and 9 Other Things I Wish My Dad Had Taught Me About Money. 2007. October Mist Publishing. P. 44.Melchionda Marina. Sardinia — Continent within Italy. URL: http://www.iitaly.org/14615/sardiniacontinent-within-italy (Accessed 3 Decembre 2015).Melchionda Marina. Sardinia — Continent within Italy. URL: http://www.iitaly.org/14615/sardiniacontinent-within-italy (Accessed 3 Decembre 2015).Melchionda Marina. Sardinia — Continent within Italy. URL: http://www.iitaly.org/14615/sardiniacontinent-within-italy (Accessed 3 Decembre 2015).Melchionda Marina. Sardinia — Continent within Italy. URL: http://www.iitaly.org/14615/sardiniacontinent-within-italy (Accessed 3 Decembre 2015).Eskindarov M.A. Economic policy of Russia in the conditions of global turbulence. First International forum of Financial university [Jekonomicheskaja politika Rossii v uslovijah global’noj turbulentnosti. Pervyj Mezhdunarodnyj forum Finansovogo universiteta] Messenger of Financial university — Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta, 2014, no. 6, pp. 6–9 (in Russian).Eskindarov M.A. Economic policy of Russia in the conditions of global turbulence. First International forum of Financial university [Jekonomicheskaja politika Rossii v uslovijah global’noj turbulentnosti. Pervyj Mezhdunarodnyj forum Finansovogo universiteta] Messenger of Financial university — Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta, 2014, no. 6, pp. 6–9 (in Russian).Eskindarov M.A. Economic policy of Russia in the conditions of global turbulence. First International forum of Financial university [Jekonomicheskaja politika Rossii v uslovijah global’noj turbulentnosti. Pervyj Mezhdunarodnyj forum Finansovogo universiteta] Messenger of Financial university — Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta, 2014, no. 6, pp. 6–9 (in Russian).Eskindarov M.A. Economic policy of Russia in the conditions of global turbulence. First International forum of Financial university [Jekonomicheskaja politika Rossii v uslovijah global’noj turbulentnosti. Pervyj Mezhdunarodnyj forum Finansovogo universiteta] Messenger of Financial university — Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta, 2014, no. 6, pp. 6–9 (in Russian).In Moscow submitted the concept of an orthodox financial system which will sustain any crisis. News ru.com news [V Moskve predstavili koncepciju pravoslavnoj finansovoj sistemy, kotoraja vyderzhit ljuboj krizis. Novosti Newsru.com]. 22.12.2014. [Electronic resource] http://www.newsru.com/religy/22dec2014/chaplin_banking. html (Accessed 30 Decembre 2014) (in Russian).In Moscow submitted the concept of an orthodox financial system which will sustain any crisis. News ru.com news [V Moskve predstavili koncepciju pravoslavnoj finansovoj sistemy, kotoraja vyderzhit ljuboj krizis. Novosti Newsru.com]. 22.12.2014. [Electronic resource] http://www.newsru.com/religy/22dec2014/chaplin_banking. html (Accessed 30 Decembre 2014) (in Russian).In Moscow submitted the concept of an orthodox financial system which will sustain any crisis. News ru.com news [V Moskve predstavili koncepciju pravoslavnoj finansovoj sistemy, kotoraja vyderzhit ljuboj krizis. Novosti Newsru.com]. 22.12.2014. [Electronic resource] http://www.newsru.com/religy/22dec2014/chaplin_banking. html (Accessed 30 Decembre 2014) (in Russian).In Moscow submitted the concept of an orthodox financial system which will sustain any crisis. News ru.com news [V Moskve predstavili koncepciju pravoslavnoj finansovoj sistemy, kotoraja vyderzhit ljuboj krizis. Novosti Newsru.com]. 22.12.2014. [Electronic resource] http://www.newsru.com/religy/22dec2014/chaplin_banking. html (Accessed 30 Decembre 2014) (in Russian).The shorthand report of a meeting of a round table “Alternative banking in Russia: prospects and legislative alternative”, State Duma Committee on the fi nancial market, on May 15, 2015 [Stenogramma zasedanija kruglogo stola «Al’ternativnyj banking v Rossii: perspektivy i zakonodatel’naja al’ternativa», Komitet Gosdumy po fi nansovomu rynku, 15 maja 2015 g.] (in Russian).The shorthand report of a meeting of a round table “Alternative banking in Russia: prospects and legislative alternative”, State Duma Committee on the fi nancial market, on May 15, 2015 [Stenogramma zasedanija kruglogo stola «Al’ternativnyj banking v Rossii: perspektivy i zakonodatel’naja al’ternativa», Komitet Gosdumy po fi nansovomu rynku, 15 maja 2015 g.] (in Russian).The shorthand report of a meeting of a round table “Alternative banking in Russia: prospects and legislative alternative”, State Duma Committee on the fi nancial market, on May 15, 2015 [Stenogramma zasedanija kruglogo stola «Al’ternativnyj banking v Rossii: perspektivy i zakonodatel’naja al’ternativa», Komitet Gosdumy po fi nansovomu rynku, 15 maja 2015 g.] (in Russian).The shorthand report of a meeting of a round table “Alternative banking in Russia: prospects and legislative alternative”, State Duma Committee on the fi nancial market, on May 15, 2015 [Stenogramma zasedanija kruglogo stola «Al’ternativnyj banking v Rossii: perspektivy i zakonodatel’naja al’ternativa», Komitet Gosdumy po fi nansovomu rynku, 15 maja 2015 g.] (in Russian).

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.