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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2024-28-2-227-238</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-2826</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияет ли институциональное устройство на взаимосвязь государственного долга и неравенства доходов в развивающихся странах?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Does Institutional Setting Contribute to the Public Debt — Income Inequality Relationship in Developing Economies?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6281-9893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нгуен Ван Бон — PhD, доцент кафедры финансов и банковского дела, преподаватель, исследовательская группа UFM, Университет финансов и маркетинга (UFM).</p><p>Хошимин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Van Bon Nguyen — PhD, Assoc. Prof. in Finance — Banking, Lecturer, UFM Research Team, University of Finance — Marketing (UFM).</p><p>Ho Chi Minh City</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boninguyen@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет финансов и маркетинга (UFM)</institution><country>Вьетнам</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Finance — Marketing (UFM)</institution><country>Viet Nam</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>227</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нгуен В.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нгуен В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nguyen V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/2826">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/2826</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях растущей глобализации неравенство доходов является одной из серьезных проблем в ряде стран, поскольку оно увеличивает разрыв в доходах между богатыми и бедными, что приводит к социальной нестабильности. Сокращение этого разрыва стало одной из основных задач во многих развивающихся странах для достижения целей тысячелетия, предложенных Организацией Объединенных Наций. Между тем, государственные расходы являются одним из важнейших фискальных инструментов, поскольку они вносят значительный вклад в управление экономикой и преодоление экономической цикличности. В частности, управление/институты могут положительно корректировать взаимосвязь между государственным долгом и неравенством доходов в развивающихся экономиках. Цель исследования — определить влияние качества институтов, государственного долга и их взаимодействия на неравенство доходов на сбалансированной панели данных 34 развивающихся экономик за период с 2002 по 2020 г. Для контроля эндогенных проблем и серийной автокорреляции в эмпирических уравнениях применяются двухшаговые и одношаговые системные GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) оценки. В работе получены интересные результаты, свидетельствующие о том, что государственный долг и качество институтов увеличивают неравенство доходов, но их взаимодействие сужает его. Эти результаты кажутся контринтуитивными. Кроме того, образование усиливает неравенство доходов в этих странах. Результаты исследования позволяют сформулировать некоторые политические рекомендации по снижению неравенства доходов в обществе с помощью государственного долга и качества институтов в развивающихся экономиках. Так, правительствам развивающихся стран следует использовать расходы, финансируемые за счет государственного долга, для поддержки людей с низким уровнем дохода посредством социальных трансфертов на протяжении всего периода экономического развития. Важно отметить, что они должны больше тратить на образование и здравоохранение, чтобы помочь бедным улучшить свои навыки и знания, сокращая разницу в доходах между богатыми и бедными. В частности, они должны быть благоразумны в контроле и управлении государственным долгом, чтобы избежать кризиса государственного долга и социальной нестабильности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the context of increasing globalization, income inequality is one severe problem in several countries because it widens the income gap between the rich and the poor, which leads to social instability. Narrowing this gap has become one of the main agendas in many developing countries to satisfy the millennium goals proposed by the United Nations. Meanwhile, government expenditure is one crucial fiscal instrument as it contributes significantly to running the economy and overcoming economic cyclicality. In particular, governance/institutional can positively adjust the public debt — income inequality relationship in developing economies. The purpose of the study to identify the impact of institutional quality, public debt and their interaction on income inequality on a balanced data panel of 34 developing economies for the period 2002–2020. For monitoring endogenous problems and serial autocorrelation in empirical equations, two-step and one-step system GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) assessments are used. The results from the study show that public debt and the quality of institutions increase income inequality, but their interaction narrows it. These results seem to be counter-intuitive. Besides, education enhances income inequality in these economies. The results of the study provide some policy recommendations for reducing the inequalities in society through public debt and the quality of institutions in developing economies. Accordingly, governments in developing economies should use spending financed by public debt to support low-income individuals through social transfers throughout economic development. Importantly, they should spend more on education and health to help the poor improve their skills and knowledge, narrowing the income difference between the rich and the poor. In particular, they should be prudent in controlling and managing public debt to avoid a public debt crisis and social instability.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственная задолженность</kwd><kwd>неравенство доходов</kwd><kwd>институциональное качество</kwd><kwd>развивающиеся экономики</kwd><kwd>системная ГММ</kwd><kwd>разностная ГММ</kwd><kwd>долговой кризис</kwd><kwd>социальная нестабильность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>institutional quality</kwd><kwd>public debt</kwd><kwd>income inequality</kwd><kwd>developing economies</kwd><kwd>system GMM</kwd><kwd>difference GMM</kwd><kwd>debt crisis</kwd><kwd>social instability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная исследовательская работа выполнена при поддержке Университета финансов и маркетинга (UFM). Университет финансов и маркетинга (UFM), Хошимин, Вьетнам.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research work was supported by the University of Finance and Marketing (UFM). University of Finance and Marketing (UFM), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen V. B. The effect of government debt on private investment in advanced economies: Does institutional quality matter? Scientific Annals of Economics and Business. 2022;69(1):133–144. DOI: 10.47743/saeb-2022–0006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nguyen V. B. The effect of government debt on private investment in advanced economies: Does institutional quality matter? Scientific Annals of Economics and Business. 2022;69(1):133–144. 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