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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-331</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ОПЫТ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ КАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК РАБОЧЕЙ СИЛЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN FORECASTING QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WORKFORCE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alaltkachenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гиноян</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ginoyan</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mweneli89@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Финансовый университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">inancial University under the Government of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Высшая школа организации и управления здравоохранением, Москва, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">the Higher School for Health Organization and Management<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ткаченко А.А., Гиноян А.Б., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ткаченко А.А., Гиноян А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tkachenko A.A., Ginoyan A.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/331">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/331</self-uri><abstract><p>Интерес к планированию рабочей силы и прогнозированию ее основных характеристик — уровня образования, квалификации, профессии — появился во второй половине ХХ в. Прогнозы являются основой макроэкономической политики государства и выбора оптимальных направлений развития. Главную роль, по мнению авторов, в устойчивом развитии национальной экономики и ее месте на мировом рынке играет качество рабочей силы. Прогнозирование основных изменений в этом качестве составляет неотъемлемую черту управления как в развитых, так и развивающихся экономиках. При этом они решают во многом различающиеся задачи. Эти различия рассмотрены на примере прогнозирования и планирования структурных изменений в рабочей силе Индии, Великобритании и США. Авторы обосновывают выбор этих стран важностью изучения их опыта для использования в российской практике.</p><p>Проанализирована роль международных организаций в разработке методологии проведения обследований рабочей силы, охватывающих около 200 стран. На примере Индии выделена особая роль IT-компаний в развитии инновационных систем образования, которая базируется на дальновидной стимулирующей политике государства. Анализируемый в работе опыт важен для России, где сельские школы и многие регионы не имеют другой возможности повысить уровень преподавания до современных требований.</p><p>Прогнозы структуры занятости в Великобритании и США осуществляются органами государственного управления с помощью неправительственных структур: в Великобритании — Уорикским университетом, в США правительственные агентства используют для прогнозов макроэкономическую модель частной компании Data Resources, Inc.</p><p>Особое внимание в работе уделено прогнозам по профессиям и профессиональной подготовке, анализ которых позволяет увидеть их важное значение для структурных изменений в  экономике. Анализ прогноза высоковостребованных профессий в США на 2024 г. позволил авторам прийти к выводу о сложности определения ключевых показателей и методологических подходов для прогнозирования занятости и потребностей экономики в квалифицированных кадрах и в определенных профессиях. В статье предполагается, что без решения этой задачи в российской системе управления прогресс в будущем росте национальной экономики невозможен.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The interest in planning the labor force and forecasting its key characteristics such as the education level, qualification, occupation, etc. emerged in the second half of the 20th century. Forecasts provide the basis for the macro-economic policy of the state and choosing optimal directions of development. According to the authors, the quality of the labor force is indispensable for the sustainable development of the national economy and its place in the global market. The prediction of substantial changes in this quality is an integral part of management both in developed and developing economies though in many instances they have different problems to solve. The differences are discussed through the example of forecasting and planning structural changes in the labor force in India, the UK and the USA. The authors substantiate the choice of these countries by the importance of their experience for the Russian practice. The role of international organizations in the development of the methodology for labor force surveys covering approximately 200 countries is analyzed. In the case of India the special role of IT-companies in the development of innovative education systems is revealed which is based on the forward-looking encouraging policy of the state. The analyzed experience is important for Russia, where rural schools and many regions do not have another opportunity to raise the teaching level to the modern requirements. Forecasts of the employment structure in Great Britain and the USA are made by government bodies aided by non-governmental organizations, e. g. the University of Warwick in Great Britain. In the United States government agencies use the macroeconomic model of the Data Resources, Inc. private company for making forecasts. Particular attention is paid to occupation forecasts and vocational training the analysis of which reveals their importance for structural changes in the economy. The analysis of the US forecast as of 2014 for high demand occupations in 2024 highlighted the complexity of determining key indices and methodological approaches to the prediction of employment and the economy demands for qualified personnel in certain professions. The paper assumes that without solving this problem in the Russian management system, no progress in the future growth of the national economy can be expected.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рабочая сила</kwd><kwd>прогнозы занятости</kwd><kwd>рынок труда</kwd><kwd>трудовая миграция</kwd><kwd>качество рабочей силы</kwd><kwd>методологии обследований рабочей силы</kwd><kwd>профессия</kwd><kwd>навыки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>labor force</kwd><kwd>employment forecasts</kwd><kwd>labor market</kwd><kwd>labor migration</kwd><kwd>labor force quality</kwd><kwd>labor force survey methodology</kwd><kwd>occupation</kwd><kwd>skills</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forecasting skilled-manpower needs: the experience of eleven countries / Eds. R. Vesituluta Youdi, Keith Hinchliffe. 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