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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2024-28-6-175-185</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-3320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ И ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL AND INSTRUMENTAL METHODS IN ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Параметры облигаций в периоды экономической нестабильности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bond Parameters and Economic Instability</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3700-5249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Владимировна Попова - кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент кафедры высшей математики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Popova - Cand. Sci. (Phys. and Math.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Higher Mathematics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat_popova_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский экономический университет имени Г. В. Плеханова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Plekhanov Russian University of Economics<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>175</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова Н.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova N.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3320">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3320</self-uri><abstract><p>В периоды экономической нестабильности инвестиционная активность снижается. Рост доходностей на рынке ценных бумаг, характерный для таких периодов, невыгоден для эмитентов. Колебания процентных ставок и общая нестабильность в экономике способствуют преимущественно краткосрочным вложениям инвесторов. Эмитенты конструируют параметры облигаций, способствующие привлечению инвесторов и снижению рисков. Цель данной работы — рассмотреть поведение некоторых управляемых параметров облигации в периоды нестабильности, получить математические доказательства зависимости дюрации и цены облигации от частоты купонных платежей и обосновать возможность рассматривать периодичность купонных выплат как параметр, позволяющий снизить риски инвестора и эмитента. Для получения доказательств использованы методы дифференциального исчисления. Новизна работы состоит в том, что полученные в работе доказательства отсутствуют в литературе. Результаты получены для облигаций, не имеющих кредитного риска. Установлено, что с увеличением числа купонных платежей в году при фиксированных значениях основных параметров дюрация облигации уменьшается, а цена растет. Доказанные утверждения о поведении дюрации и цены облигации согласуются с рыночными наблюдениями. Уменьшение дюрации облигации с увеличением числа купонных платежей в году означает уменьшение «реального срока» и снижение процентного риска облигации, что может заинтересовать инвестора. Рост цены свидетельствует об увеличении спроса на облигации с увеличением числа купонных платежей в году и возможности увеличения дохода эмитента. Актуальность работы состоит в том, что условия для экономической нестабильности в России и в мире сохраняются и результаты работы могут представлять интерес для участников рынка облигаций. Выводы: в работе показано, что увеличение числа купонных платежей в году способствует росту привлекательности выпуска облигаций как для инвесторов, так и для эмитентов. Практическая значимость работы: результаты работы могут быть полезны для инвесторов и эмитентов, специалистов по финансовому инжинирингу при конструировании параметров облигаций, а также в теоретических исследованиях инвестиционных свойств облигаций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During periods of economic crises, investment activity decreases. The growth of yields on the securities market, typical for such periods, is unprofitable for issuers. Fluctuations in interest rates and general instability in the economy favor mainly short-term investments of investors. Issuers construct bond parameters that help attract investors and reduce risks. The purpose of this work is to consider the behavior of some controlled parameters of the bond during periods of instability, to obtain mathematical evidence of the dependence of the duration and price of the bond on the frequency of coupon payments and to justify the possibility of considering the frequency of coupon payments as a parameter that reduces the risks of the investor and the issuer. Methods of differential calculus are used to obtain evidence. The novelty of the work consists in the fact that the proofs obtained in the work are not available in the literature. The results are obtained for bonds that do not have credit risk. It has been established that with an increase in the number of coupon payments per year at fixed values of the main parameters, the duration of the bond decreases, and the price increases. The proven statements about the behavior of the duration and the price of the bond are consistent with market observations. A decrease in the duration of the bond with an increase in the number of coupon payments per year means a decrease in the “real term” and a decrease in the interest rate risk of the bond, which may be of interest to the investor. The price increase indicates an increase in demand for bonds with an increase in the number of coupon payments per year and the possibility of increasing the issuer’s income. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the conditions for economic instability in Russia and in the world remain and the results of the work may be of interest to participants in the bond market. Conclusions: the paper shows that an increase in the number of coupon payments per year contributes to an increase in the attractiveness of bond issuance for both investors and issuers. Conclusions: the paper shows that an increase in the number of coupon payments per year contributes to the growth of the attractiveness of a bond issue for both investors and issuers. Practical significance of the work: the results of the work can be useful for investors and issuers, financial engineering specialists in the design of bond parameters, as well as in theoretical studies of the investment properties of bonds.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математические методы</kwd><kwd>купонная облигация</kwd><kwd>частота купонных платежей</kwd><kwd>дюрация облигации</kwd><kwd>цена облигации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical methods</kwd><kwd>coupon bond</kwd><kwd>frequency of coupon payments</kwd><kwd>bond duration</kwd><kwd>bond price</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полякова Т. Н. Российский рынок биржевых облигаций: анализ размещения. Вестник Института экономики Российской академии наук. 2022;(5):97–118. 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