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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2025-29-1-20-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-3447</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STATE FINANCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективные модели финансового прогнозирования доходов бюджета</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospective Models of Financial Forecasting of budget Revenues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5120-7816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караев</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaev</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алан Канаматович Караев — доктор экономических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник Института исследований социально-экономических трансформаций и финансовой политики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alan K. Karaev — Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof., Chief Researcher at the Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Transformations and Financial Policy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akkaraev@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7889-2745</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Викторовна Борисова — кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры корпоративных финансов и корпоративного управления</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Borisova — Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">OLVBorisova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Караев А.К., Борисова О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Караев А.К., Борисова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karaev A.K., Borisova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3447">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3447</self-uri><abstract><p>Предметом исследования является выбор модели финансового прогнозирования доходов бюджета, позволяющей наиболее корректно провести оценку и получить прогнозное значение на следующий период. Целью исследования является выявление перспективных моделей финансового прогнозирования доходов бюджета РФ. Применяемые с 60-х гг. ХХ в. DSGE-модели не смогли выявить целый ряд кризисов и своевременно предсказать уровень изменения государственных доходов в США, Еврозоне, России, что не позволило оперативно корректировать политику, проводимую в области управления государственными доходами. Новизна исследования состоит в выявлении недостатков современной методологии финансового прогнозирования, связанных с устареванием используемых подходов и необходимостью поиска новых моделей, позволяющих оперативно уточнять прогностические результаты. В исследовании использовались такие методы, как: измерение прогнозных величин и размера их ошибок, анализ и сравнение результатов, полученных по методам и моделям машинного и глубокого обучения. В результате исследования прогностических методов и моделей машинного и глубокого обучения, используемых в реальном бизнесе, на фондовом рынке и в государственных финансах, были отобраны наиболее перспективные из них. Основными критериями отбора послужили: возможность моделирования нелинейных связей параметров, оперативность расчета, минимальность ошибки, отсутствие проблемы с переобучением. В процессе исследования была выявлена целесообразность проведения декомпозиции временных рядов, что позволило минимизировать прогностические ошибки и выбрать наиболее точную из моделей для прогнозирования доходов бюджета РФ. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для формирования системы прогнозных показателей, применяемых для разработки системы дашбордов для государственных служащих с целью повышения точности и оперативности принимаемых ими решений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the study is the choice of a model for financial forecasting of budget revenues, which allows the most correct assessment and obtaining a forecast value for the next period. The purpose of the study is to identify promising models of financial forecasting of budget revenues of the Russian Federation. DSGE models used since the 60s of the twentieth century have failed to identify a number of crises and timely predict the level of changes in government revenues in the United States, the Eurozone, and Russia, which did not allow for prompt adjustment of the policy pursued in the field of public revenue management. The novelty of the study consists in identifying the shortcomings of the modern methodology of financial forecasting associated with the obsolescence of the approaches used and the need to search for new models that allow you to quickly refine the prognostic results. The study used such methods as measuring predictive values and the size of their errors, analyzing and comparing the results obtained using methods and models of machine and deep learning. As a result of the study of predictive methods and models of machine and deep learning used in real business, the stock market and public finance, the most promising of them were selected. The main selection criteria were the possibility of modeling nonlinear relationships of parameters, the efficiency of calculation, the minimality of error, and the absence of a problem with retraining. In the course of the study, the expediency of time series decomposition was revealed, which made it possible to minimize predictive errors and choose the most accurate model for forecasting budget revenues of the Russian Federation. The results of the study can be used to form a system</p><p>of predictive indicators used to develop a dashboard system for civil servants in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of their decisions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прогнозная модель</kwd><kwd>финансовое прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование доходов бюджета</kwd><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>вивлет-преобразование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>predictive model</kwd><kwd>financial forecasting</kwd><kwd>budget revenue forecasting</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>vivlet transformation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финансовому университету на 2023 г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds according to the state assignment of the Financial University for 2023.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ширинов С. 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