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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2025-29-3-45-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-3681</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФОНДОВЫЕ РЫНКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STOCK MARKETS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы недооценки IPO: технологический и нетехнологический секторы через призму теорий асимметрии информации и сохранения контроля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IPO Underpricing Factors: Technology and Non-Technology Sectors in Terms of Information Asymmetry and Retention of Control Theories</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1773-6378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галич</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Александровна Галич — инженер кафедры финансов и кредита экономическогофакультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Galich — Engineer, Department of Finance and Credit, Faculty of Economics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastyagalich02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9275-0099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзоян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzoyan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашот Гамлетович Мирзоян — старший преподаватель кафедры экономики инноваций экономического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashot G. Mirzoyan — Senior Lecturer, Department of Economics of Innovations, Faculty of Economics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kell56@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галич А.А., Мирзоян А.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галич А.А., Мирзоян А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galich A.A., Mirzoyan A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3681">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3681</self-uri><abstract><p>В данном исследовании изучается связь недооценки акций компаний при их первичном публичном размещении (IPO) с  ключевыми факторами, связанными с  двумя доминирующими теориями: асимметрии информации и  сохранения контроля. Основная цель исследования — определить, какие факторы, рассматриваемые двумя теориями, влияют на недооценку акций в технологическом и нетехнологическом секторах. Для определения значимых факторов недооценки для каждого сектора используются модели множественной регрессии, а для сравнения объясняющих способностей моделей каждой из теорий — скорректированный коэффициент детерминации. Выборка включает 321 IPO, осуществленное в период 2000–2020 гг. на ведущих американских биржах NYSE и NASDAQ. Результаты исследования демонстрируют, что в технологическом секторе значимыми предикторами недооценки выступают затраты на научно-исследовательские и опытно-конструкторские работы (НИОКР), возраст компании на момент выхода на биржу и стратегия Roll-up. В нетехнологическом секторе ключевыми факторами недооценки являются доля акций, выпущенных в свободное обращение, и возраст компании. Сделан вывод, что теория асимметрии информации демонстрирует наибольшую объяснительную силу в контексте технологического сектора, что свидетельствует о значительном влиянии информационных барьеров на формирование рыночных цен. В то же время в нетехнологическом секторе предсказательная способность регрессионных моделей оказалась существенно ниже, что указывает на необходимость дальнейшего поиска и анализа дополнительных факторов, влияющих на недооценку акций в данном секторе. Таким образом, данное исследование вносит вклад в углубление понимания механизмов недооценки IPO, подчеркивая важность учета специфики различных отраслевых сегментов при анализе и прогнозировании рыночных процессов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study investigates the relationship between the underpricing of company stocks in initial public offerings (IPOs) and the key factors associated with two dominant theories: information asymmetry and retention of control. The main objective of the study is to determine which factors considered by the two theories affect stock underpricing in the technology and non-technology sectors. Multiple regression models are used to identify the significant factors of underpricing for each sector, and the adjusted coefficient of determination is used to compare the explanatory power of the models of each theory. The sample includes 321 IPOs launched between 2000 and 2020 on the leading US exchanges NYSE and NASDAQ. The results show that in the technology sector, the significant predictors of underpricing are research and development (R&amp;D) costs, the age of the company at the time of going public, and the Roll-up strategy. In the nontechnology sector, the key underpricing factors are the proportion of publicly traded shares and the age of the company. It is concluded that the theory of information asymmetry demonstrates the greatest explanatory power in the context of the technological sector, which indicates the significant influence of information barriers on the formation of market prices. At the same time, in the non-technology sector, the predictive power of regression models was significantly lower, which indicates the need for further search and analysis of additional factors affecting the undervaluation of shares in this sector. Thus, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of IPO undervaluation mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of taking into account the specifics of different industry segments when analyzing and forecasting market processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичное размещение акций (IPO)</kwd><kwd>компания</kwd><kwd>недооценка</kwd><kwd>неопределенность</kwd><kwd>доходность</kwd><kwd>эмитент</kwd><kwd>асимметрия информации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>initial public offering (IPO)</kwd><kwd>company</kwd><kwd>underpricing</kwd><kwd>uncertainty</kwd><kwd>profitability</kwd><kwd>issuer</kwd><kwd>information asymmetry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibbotson R.G. Price performance of common stock new issues. Journal of Financial Economics. 1975;2(3):235- 272. 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