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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2025-29-3-229-260</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-3702</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОРПОРАТИВНЫЕ ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CORPORATE FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стоимость собственного капитала и дивидендная политика</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cost of Equity and Dividend Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-5574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брусов</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brusov</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петр Никитович Брусов — доктор физико-математических наук, профессор кафедры моделирования и системного анализа</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter N. Brusov — Dr. Sci. (Phys. and Math.), Prof., Department of modeling and systems analysis</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pnbrusov@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-3286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Васильевна Филатова — кандидат экономических наук, профессор кафедры финансового и инвестиционного менеджмента</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Filatova — Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Prof., Department of Financial and Investment Management</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvfilatova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-7055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулик</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulik</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вениамин Леонидович Кулик — менеджер по работе с клиентами</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veniamin L. Kulik — Account Manager</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">venya.kulik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Т-Банк ВТБ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">T-bank Ltd<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>229</fpage><lpage>260</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Брусов П.Н., Филатова Т.В., Кулик В.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Брусов П.Н., Филатова Т.В., Кулик В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Brusov P.N., Filatova T.V., Kulik V.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3702">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3702</self-uri><abstract><p>Экономически обоснованной величиной дивидендов является стоимость собственного капитала компании. Ее оценка — чрезвычайно сложная задача. Сделать это возможно в рамках современной теории структуры капитала — Брусова-Филатовой-Ореховой (БФО), или в рамках ее перпетуитетного предела — теории Модильяни-Миллера (ММ). После недавнего обобщения авторами обеих теорий становится возможным оценить стоимость собственного капитала компании с учетом реальных условий ее функционирования. Цель исследования — определить, как меняется стоимость собственного капитала компании в зависимости от уровня левериджа. Рассмотрены компании разного возраста с различными значениями k0 (стоимость акционерного капитала при нулевом финансовом рычаге) и разной стоимостью заемного капитала. Также учтены такие факторы, как частота уплаты налога на прибыль, авансовые платежи по налогу на прибыль и платежи в конце периодов, а также переменный доход компаний. Использовалась современная теория структуры капитала — Брусова-Филатовой-Ореховой (БФО) — и ее перпетуитетный предел — теория Модильяни-Миллера (ММ). В  результате было обнаружено несколько очень важных инновационных эффектов, которые существенно меняют дивидендную политику компании. Разработанная методология и результаты исследования помогут руководству компании создать адекватную и эффективную дивидендную политику с учетом реальных условий функционирования, таких как переменный доход, частые платежи по налогу на прибыль, виды платежей по налогу на прибыль (авансовые платежи, платежи по окончании отчетных периодов) и т.д. Описанный в статье подход к теории дивидендов может быть применен к оценке бизнеса и стоимости компании.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The economically justified amount of dividends is equal to the equity cost, assuming that investors use a dividend discounting model. The evaluation of the latter is an extremely difficult task. It is possible to do this within modern capital structure theory — Brusov-Filatova-Orekhova (BFO) — or within its perpetual limit — the Modigliani-Miller (MM) theory. After the recent generalization of both theories, taking into account the real conditions of the functioning of the companies, it becomes possible to estimate the cost of equity in these conditions. Dependence of the cost of equity on the level of leverage for different ages of the company, different values of k0 (cost of equity at zero leverage level L) and debt costs, different frequencies of income tax payment, advance payments of income tax and payments at the end of periods, variable income of companies, etc. are being studied. Several very important innovative effects have been discovered, which significantly change the company’s dividend policy. The developed methodology and results will help the company’s management to develop an adequate and effective dividend policy. As well, the approach to dividend theory described here can be applied to business valuation and company value.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дивидендная политика</kwd><kwd>стоимость капитала</kwd><kwd>теория Брусова-Филатовой-Ореховой</kwd><kwd>переменный доход</kwd><kwd>частые выплаты налога на прибыль</kwd><kwd>WACC</kwd><kwd>теория Модильяни-Миллера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dividend policy</kwd><kwd>equity cost</kwd><kwd>Brusov-Filatova-Orekhova theory</kwd><kwd>variable income</kwd><kwd>frequent payments of tax on income</kwd><kwd>WACC</kwd><kwd>Modigliani-Miller theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мodigliani F., Мiller M.H.The cost of capital, corporate finance, and the theory of investment. 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