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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2025-29-5-112-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-3954</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИНАНСОВАЯ СИСТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FINANCIAL SYSTEM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Теоретические основы и проблемные области современной теории «длинных денег»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Theoretical Foundations and Problematic Areas of the Contemporary Long-Term Financing Theory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-7263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криничанский</surname><given-names>K. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krinichansky</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Владимирович Криничанский — доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры финансовых рынков и финансового инжиниринга финансового факультета, главный научный сотрудник Института финансовых исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Krinichansky — Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof., Department of Financial Markets and Financial Engineering at the Faculty of Finance, Chief Researcher at the Institute for Financial Studies</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kkrin@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Криничанский K.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Криничанский K.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krinichansky K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3954">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/3954</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность задачи достижения темпами роста российской экономики уровня не ниже среднемирового, в ос­нове которой лежит острая проблема обеспеченности ресурсами, в том числе финансовыми, мотивирует ака­демический интерес к всестороннему изучению данной проблемы. Поскольку финансовые ресурсы требуются для решения задач структурного характера, предполагающих налаживание передового в технологическом отношении производства, вложений в инфраструктуру и человеческий капитал, такие ресурсы должны быть долгосрочными, для чего в литературе часто используется термин «длинные деньги».</p><p>Цель настоящего исследо­вания состоит в раскрытии понятия «длинные деньги», выяснении проблемного поля их изучения, обозначении теоретических основ исследования различных аспектов «длинных денег».</p><p>Основные методы, используемые в данном исследовании, включают в себя контент-анализ релевантной академической литературы, критический разбор кейсов, относящихся к вопросам формирования и использования долгосрочных финансовых ресурсов в различных странах.</p><p>Результаты. Исследование позволило развить подходы к анализу «длинных денег» в на­правлениях, концентрирующихся на их предложении, спросе и механизмах согласования спроса и предложения. Так, в части предложения «длинных денег» критически разобрана концепция глобального избытка сбережений. Действия, приведшие к блокировке российских резервных активов, подрывают одно из главных оснований дви­жения потоков капитала в сторону «тихой гавани» и могут повлиять на мотивацию ряда субъектов накапливать крупные сбережения. В части анализа спроса на «длинные деньги» раскрывается, что вопрос срочности долга фирм и правительства решается в рамках компромисса между стоимостью и риском пролонгации. В части ис­следования взаимодействия спроса и предложения «длинных денег» отмечено большое значение обеспечения функциональности механизмов трансформации сроков. В работе вычленены пять таких механизмов. Показано, что ошибки регулирования могут нарушить функциональность таких механизмов, препятствуя их работе для обеспечения экономики «длинными деньгами».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The imperative of achieving a growth rate for the Russian economy that meets or exceeds the global average-grounded in the pressing issue of resource availability, particularly financial resources-stimulates significant academic interest in a thorough examination of this challenge. Given that financial resources are essential for addressing structural issues, including the establishment of advanced technological production and investments in infrastructure and human capital, these resources must be of a long-term nature; hence, the term “long-term finance” is frequently used in the literature.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to elucidate the concept of long-term finance, identify the key areas of inquiry associated with it, and delineate the theoretical frameworks necessary for examining its various dimensions.</p><p>The primary methods employed in this study include a content analysis of pertinent academic literature and a critical examination of case studies pertaining to the formation and utilization of long-term financial resources across various countries.</p><p>Results: This study has led to the development of analytical approaches to long-term finance, emphasizing their supply, demand, and the mechanisms that facilitate the alignment of these two dimensions. Specifically, the analysis of the supply of long-term finance includes a critical examination of the concept of global savings glut. The measures that resulted in the freezing of Russian reserve assets undermine one of the primary drivers behind the migration of capital flows towards “safe haven” destinations, potentially affecting the incentives for various entities to accumulate substantial savings. In the analysis of the demand for long-term finance, it is demonstrated that the maturity structure of debt held by firms and governments is determined through a trade-off between the costs and the rollover risks. In the examination of the interaction between the demand on and supply of long-term finance, the critical importance of maintaining the functionality of mechanisms that facilitate the transformation of maturities is underscored. The study identifies five vehicles essential for the effective functioning of long-term finance. Furthermore, it demonstrates that regulatory errors can compromise these vehicles, hindering their capacity to supply the economy with necessary long­term financial resources.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сбережения</kwd><kwd>инвестиции</kwd><kwd>капитал</kwd><kwd>финансовая система</kwd><kwd>финансовые рынки</kwd><kwd>процентные ставки</kwd><kwd>длинные деньги</kwd><kwd>долгосрочное финансирование</kwd><kwd>государственный долг</kwd><kwd>макроэкономическая взаимозависимость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>savings</kwd><kwd>investment</kwd><kwd>capital</kwd><kwd>financial system</kwd><kwd>financial markets</kwd><kwd>interest rates</kwd><kwd>long-term money</kwd><kwd>long-term financing</kwd><kwd>sovereign debt</kwd><kwd>macroeconomic interdependence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финансовому университету</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds on a state assignment to a Financial University</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамова М.А., Авис О.У., Акименко С.В. и др. 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