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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-456</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ТОПЛИВНО-ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПЛЕКС ИСПАНИИ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ, ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SPANISN ENERGY SECTOR: TRENDS, MAIN PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якубовский</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakubovsky</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отдел финансирования и финансового инжиниринга </p><p>начальник отдела</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Finance and Financial Engineering Department</p><p>PhD student of the World Economy and International Finance Relations Chair</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yakubovskiy_gs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОАО «Зарубежнефть», Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Zarubezhneft JSC, Moscow; the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Якубовский Г.С., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якубовский Г.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakubovsky G.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/456">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/456</self-uri><abstract><p>В течение последних 15 лет в Испании реализуется программа переориентации топливно-энергетического комплекса на развитие возобновляемой энергетики. Ее разработка была обусловлена скудностью каменноугольных и  нефтегазовых месторождений, низким энергетическим потенциалом рек и  планом закрытия атомных электростанций. Ожидалось, что реализация программы изменит баланс производства первичной электроэнергии и  окажет стабилизирующий эффект на экономику страны. Однако в  ходе модернизации энергетической отрасли возникли проблемы, обостряющие последствия финансово-экономического кризиса в Испании. Решение этих проблем возможно лишь путем срочного реформирования отрасли. Представленное исследование проведено на основе системного анализа документов Евросоюза, правительства Испании, Национальной комиссии по энергетике, публикаций российских и зарубежных специалистов в области энергетики. Оно направлено на выявление причинно-следственных связей при формировании современного топливно-энергетического комплекса Испании. В работе приведены история развития и характеристика топливно-энергетического комплекса Испании, обсуждаются динамика роста госдолга энергетическим компаниям и план реформирования отрасли. Сравнение путей реализации введения инновационных технологий в энергетическом секторе Испании и Германии позволило продемонстрировать допущенные просчеты при модернизации отрасли в Испании, необходимость проведения постоянного мониторинга ситуации и принятия соответствующих срочных корректирующих мер при выполнении инновационных проектов. Проведен анализ реализации в Испании «Третьего энергетического пакета» Евросоюза, направленного на создание единой стабильной энергетической системы путем структурного реформирования вертикально интегрированных пред- приятий, либерализации доступа к инфраструктуре, повышения прозрачности в отрасли и сбалансированного тарифного регулирования. Опыт модернизации энергетического сектора экономики Испании является ценным для России как пример введения инновационных технологий в условиях финансово-экономического кризиса. Реализация проектов по развитию возобновляемой энергетики представляется интересной из-за позитивного влияния на экологическую ситуацию. Понимание ситуации в энергетической отрасли Испании важно для развития российско-испанского сотрудничества и международных экономических отношений. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the recent 15 years, a renewable energy implementation program has been realized in the Spanish fuel and energy sector, which is necessitated by the scarcity of coal, oil and gas fields, low energy potential of rivers and the nuclear moratorium. The implementation of the program is expected to change the balance of primary energy production and make the country’s economy more sustainable. However, the energy sector modernization has caused problems aggravating the consequences of the finance and economic crisis in the Spanish economy. They can be resolved only through the urgent reforms of the industry.</p><p>The present study is based on the systematic analysis of documentation of the European Union, the Government of Spain, the National Energy Commission of Spain, publications of Russian and foreign experts in the energy field. It is directed to identifying causal links in the process of the modern energy sector formation in Spain. The Spanish energy sector history and modern characteristics are described. The dynamics of the government debt to energy companies and the sector reformation plan are discussed. The comparison of the implementation scenarios for introduction of energy innovation technologies in Spain and Germany has enabled to identify the program flaws and demonstrate the need for continuous monitoring along with taking immediate corrective measures.</p><p>The analysis of the implementation in Spain of the EU’s «Third Energy Package» aimed at creating a stable unified energy system through structural reform of vertically integrated companies, liberalization of access to the infrastructure, increasing transparency in the industry and a balanced tariff regulation has been performed. The experience obtained in the Spanish energy sector modernization is valuable for Russia as an example of the innovative technology introduction in the situation of the world financial crisis. The implementation of renewable energy projects is advantageous because of its positive environmental impacts. Finally, understanding the Spanish energy sector is important for development of both the Russian-Spanish cooperation and global economic relations. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>топливно-энергетический комплекс Испании</kwd><kwd>возобновляемая энергетика</kwd><kwd>третий энергетический пакет ЕС</kwd><kwd>реформирование энергетической отрасли Испании</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Spanish Energy Sector</kwd><kwd>renewable energy</kwd><kwd>Spanish Energy Reform</kwd><kwd>the EU Third Energy Package</kwd><kwd>imbalanced tariffs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хенкин С.М. Испания в полосе турбулентности // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2012. № 4. С. 71–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khenkin S. M. Ispaniia v polose turbulentnosti [Spain in the band of turbulence]. 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