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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2026-30-5-25-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-4705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕНЕЖНО-КРЕДИТНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MONETARY &amp; CREDIT POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможная троица: критические заметки к трилемме денежно-кредитной политики Манделла–Флеминга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Possible Trinity: Critical Notes on the Mundell-Fleming Monetary Policy Trilemma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9942-7722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Вячеславович Кошкин —  кандидат экономических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры экономической теории</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Koshkin —  Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Senior Lecturer, Department of Economic Theory</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koshkin_9300@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кошкин А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кошкин А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koshkin A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/4705">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/4705</self-uri><abstract><p>Классическая трилемма Манделла–Флеминга, постулирующая невозможность одновременного достижения фиксированного валютного курса, свободного движения капитала и независимой денежно-кредитной политики, подвергается эмпирическому переосмыслению в контексте устойчивых гибридных режимов. Российский кейс (2014–2024 гг.) представляет особый научный интерес, демонстрируя длительную жизнеспособность модели, формально нарушающей классические постулаты на фоне санкционного давления, разнонаправленной фискально-монетарной политики и активного управления курсом. Цель исследования —  выявить механизмы устойчивости подобных нарушений трилеммы на примере России в сравнительной перспективе с опытом Таиланда и Малайзии, а также разработать теоретическую модификацию концепции. Методологическую основу составляет комбинированный подход, интегрирующий сравнительный анализ макроэкономических показателей, институциональный анализ взаимодействия денежных и фискальных властей с применением концепции институциональной пластичности, эконометрические методы выявления структурных разрывов и контрфактическое моделирование рисков. Результаты исследования выявили три ключевых фактора устойчивости российской модели: санкционно-индуцированная автаркия, искусственно ограничившая мобильность капитала; структурная рентная зависимость, обеспечившая профицит текущего счета на уровне 107 млрд долл. США в 2022 г.; реактивная координация ЦБ РФ с Минфином, выраженная в росте корреляции их решений в постсанкционный период. Российский гибридный режим качественно отличается от азиатских аналогов трансформацией санкционно-административных барьеров в перманентный институт и системообразующей ролью геополитической конфронтации. Исследование обосновывает необходимость расширения классической трилеммы и предлагает «геоэкономическую трилемму», где независимая денежно-кредитная политика замещается координируемой, свободное движение капитала —  санкционно-управляемыми потоками, а плавающий курс —  административно-рыночным гибридом. Доказав устойчивость в экстремальных условиях, долгосрочная жизнеспособность данной модели зависит от преодоления структурных дисбалансов и институционализации координации без подавления независимости центрального банка.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The classical Mundell-Fleming trilemma, which posits the impossibility of simultaneously achieving a fixed exchange rate, free capital movement, and an independent monetary policy, is being re-examined empirically in the context of stable hybrid regimes. The Russian case (2014–2024) is of particular scientific interest, as it demonstrates the long-term viability of a model that formally violates the classical postulates in the face of sanctions, multi-directional fiscal and monetary policies, and active exchange rate management. The goal of the study is to identify the mechanisms for the sustainability of such violations of the trilemma, using the example of Russia, in a comparative perspective with the experience of Thailand and Malaysia. It also aims to develop a theoretical modification of the concept. The methodological basis is a combined approach that integrates a comparative analysis of macroeconomic indicators, an institutional analysis of the interaction between monetary and fiscal authorities, using the concept of institutional flexibility, econometric methods for identifying structural gaps, and counterfactual risk modeling. The results of the study revealed three key factors of the sustainability of the Russian model: sanctions-induced autarky, which artificially limited capital mobility; structural rent dependence, which ensured a current account surplus of $ 107 billion in 2022; and reactive coordination between the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Finance, manifested in the growth in the correlation of their decisions during the post-sanction period. The Russian hybrid regime qualitatively differs from its Asian counterparts in its transformation of sanctions and administrative barriers into a permanent institutions and the system-forming role of geopolitical confrontation. The study substantiates the need to expand the classical trilemma and proposes a “geo-economic trilemma” where independent monetary policy is replaced by a coordinated one, free capital flows by sanctions-managed flows. It also replaces a floating exchange rate with an administrative-market hybrid system. While the model has proven to be resilient in extreme conditions, its long-term viability depends on overcoming structural imbalances and institutionalizing coordination without suppressing the independence of the central bank. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>денежно-кредитная политика</kwd><kwd>центральные банки</kwd><kwd>трилемма Манделла–Флеминга</kwd><kwd>санкционная экономика</kwd><kwd>управление валютным курсом</kwd><kwd>автономия монетарной политики</kwd><kwd>Банк России</kwd><kwd>институционализм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monetary policy</kwd><kwd>central banks</kwd><kwd>Mundell–Fleming trilemma</kwd><kwd>sanctions economy</kwd><kwd>exchange rate management</kwd><kwd>monetary policy autonomy</kwd><kwd>Bank of Russia</kwd><kwd>institutionalism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mundell R. A. 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