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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">finance</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finance: Theory and Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-5671</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2587-5671-2019-23-4-43-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">finance-886</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИНАНСОВЫЕ РЫНКИ И БАНКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FINANCIAL MARKETS AND BANKS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Резервный буфер капитала как инструмент макропруденциальной политики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reserve Capital buffer as an Instrument of Macroprudential Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3660-6779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Господарчук</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gospodarchuk</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Геннадьевна Господарчук —  доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры финансов и кредита</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina G. Gospodarchuk —  Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Prof., Department of Finance and Credit, National Research University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gospodarchukgg@iee.unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н. И. Лобачевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Господарчук Г.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Господарчук Г.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gospodarchuk G.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/886">https://financetp.fa.ru/jour/article/view/886</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ основных положений Базеля III показывает, что в рамках макропруденциальной политики задача повышения финансовой устойчивости банковского сектора решается путем увеличения капитала банков и создания новых инструментов для решения краткосрочных проблем с ликвидностью. Предлагаемые меры выглядят хорошо проработанными, за исключением одного обстоятельства —  количественные значения нормативных требований к увеличению капитала банков недостаточны для достижения целей макропруденциальной политики. В настоящем исследовании поставлена цель — разработать аналитический инструментарий, позволяющий формировать количественные цели макропруденциальной политики и обеспечивать их достижение на основе упорядочения требований к капиталу банков. Использовались методы сравнительного и GAP-анализа. Эмпирический анализ выполнен с применением данных о динамике российского фондового индекса IMOEX, данных из отчетов Банка России и финансовых отчетов системно значимых российских банков. По результатам исследования определена количественно выраженная стратегическая цель макропруденциальной политики Российской Федерации, предложено постепенное повышение норматива достаточности капитала российских банков до 40%, разработан календарный план по этапного достижения стратегической цели в течение 10 лет, показана реалистичность достижения этой цели банками. В качестве регулятивного инструмента, позволяющего наращивать достаточность капитала банков в соответствии с целевым уровнем, предложено использовать дополнительное нормативное требование к капиталу в виде резервного буфера, имеющего динамический и адаптивный характер. На основании эмпирического анализа возможностей и последствий применения нового регулятивного инструмента доказана целесообразность его введения для повышения эффективности макропруденциальной политики Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The analysis of Basel III main provisions shows that within the macroprudential policy, increasing the financial stability of the banking sector is achieved by growing the capital of banks and creating new tools to solve short-term liquidity problems. The proposed measures seem well developed, except one fact — the quantitative values of the regulatory requirements for growing the bank capital are insufficient to achieve the macroprudential policy objectives. This study aims to develop analytical tools allowing to form quantitative objectives of the macroprudential policy and to deliver them by streamlining the capital requirements of banks. The methods of comparative and GAP analyses were used in the study. The empirical analysis was performed with the data on the Russian stock index IMOEX dynamics, the data from the reports by the Bank of Russia and financial reports of systemically important Russian banks. According to the study results, a quantitative strategic objective of the macroprudential policy in the Russian Federation was determined, a gradual increase in the capital adequacy ratio of Russian banks to 40% was proposed, a calendar plan was developed to achieve the strategic objective stagewise in 10 years, and banks are realistic in achieving this objective. As a regulatory instrument to grow the capital adequacy of banks according to the target level, it is proposed to use an additional regulatory capital requirement in the form of a reserve buffer of a dynamic and adaptive nature. The empirical analysis of the possibilities and consequences of a new regulatory instrument application proved the expediency of its introduction to improve the effectiveness of the macroprudential policy in the Russian Federation. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макропруденциальная политика</kwd><kwd>достаточность капитала</kwd><kwd>буфер капитала</kwd><kwd>устойчивость банковского сектора</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macroprudential policy</kwd><kwd>capital adequacy</kwd><kwd>capital buffer</kwd><kwd>banking sector sustainability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18–010– 00232 А «Методология многоуровневой системы диагностики и регулирования финансовой стабильности» 2018–2020 гг. Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н. И. Лобачевского, Нижний Новгород, Россия</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study is carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of scientific project No. 18–010–00232 A “Methodology of a multi-level system for diagnosing and regulating financial stability” for 2018–2020. National Research University, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нейтрализация негативного влияния факторов уязвимости национального банковского сектора. Лаврушин О. И., ред. М.: КноРус; 2018. 176 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lavrushin O. I., ed. Neutralizing the negative impact of vulnerabilities in the national banking sector. Moscow: KnoRus; 2018. 176 p. 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