Preview

Finance: Theory and Practice

Advanced search

Quantitative Market Risk Assessment for Insurance Companies

https://doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-4-109-123

Abstract

The business strategy, the underwriting policy, the investment strategy of insurance companies and some external factors influence their ability to meet liabilities. The risk management mechanism, based on regulatory requirements and the best expertise, should allow to identify and assess all significant risks, including the market risk. The purpose of this research is comparing the European and Russian regulatory requirements for capital calculation for market risks of insurance companies. The methodological base is the comparison analysis of different capital calculation approaches for interest rate, FX, real estate and equity risks in accordance with Solvency II for the European insurers or Regulation 710-P for the Russian insurers. As a result, the author has found the compatibility of regulations to vary depending on the type of the risk in question. Regulations diverge the least when it comes to FX and real estate risks, yet the most in regards to interest rate and equity risks since the Central Bank of Russia has accounted for some national market peculiarities. Overall, the research results have a practical value and could be used by the Russian insurers in transition to the riskoriented regulation.

About the Author

E. V. Aldukhova
Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University)
Russian Federation

Evgeniia V. Aldukhova - Senior Lecturer, the Department of Risk management and Insurance

Moscow


Competing Interests:

The author has no conflicts of interest to declare



References

1. Holsboer J. H. The impact of low interest rates on insurers. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance — Issues and Practice. 2000;25(1):38–58. DOI: 10.1111/1468–0440.00047

2. Eckert C. Dealing with low interest rates in life insurance: An analysis of additional reserves in the German life insurance industry. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 2019;12(3):119. DOI: 10.3390/jrfm12030119

3. Jensen T. K., Johnson R. R., McNamara M. J. Funding conditions and insurance stock returns: Do insurance stocks really benefit from rising interest rate regimes? Risk Management and Insurance Review. 2019;22(4):367–391. DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12133

4. Reyna A. M., Fuentes H. J., Núñez J. A. Response of Mexican life and non-life insurers to the low interest rate environment. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance — Issues and Practice. 2022;47(2):409–433. DOI: 10.1057/s41288–021–00208–8

5. Gatzert N., Martin M. Quantifying credit and market risk under Solvency II: Standard approach versus internal model. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics. 2012;51(3):649–666. DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2012.09.002

6. Höring D. Will Solvency II market risk requirements bite? The impact of Solvency II on insurers’ asset allocation. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance — Issues and Practice. 2013;38(2):250–273. DOI: 10.1057/gpp.2012.31

7. Braun A., Schmeiser H., Schreiber F. Solvency II’s market risk standard formula: How credible is the proclaimed ruin probability? Journal of Insurance Issues. 2015;38(1):1–30.

8. Braun A., Schmeiser H., Schreiber F. Portfolio optimization under Solvency II: Implicit constraints imposed by the market risk standard formula. Journal of Risk and Insurance. 2017;84(1):177–207. DOI: 10.1111/jori.12077

9. Asadi S., Al Janabi M. A. Measuring market and credit risk under Solvency II: Evaluation of the standard technique versus internal models for stock and bond markets. European Actuarial Journal. 2020;10(2):425–456. DOI: 10.1007/s13385–020–00235–0

10. Niedrig T. Optimal asset allocation for interconnected life insurers in the low interest rate environment under solvency regulation. Journal of Insurance Issues. 2015;38(1):31–71.

11. Fischer K., Schlütter S. Optimal investment strategies for insurance companies when capital requirements are imposed by a standard formula. The Geneva Risk and Insurance Review. 2015;40(1):15–40. DOI: 10.1057/grir.2014.6

12. Reddic W. D. Under pressure: Investment behaviour of insurers under different financial and regulatory conditions. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance — Issues and Practice. 2021;46(1):1–20. DOI: 10.1057/s41288–020–00174–7

13. Aldukhova E. V., Polyakova M. V., Polyakov K. L. Institutional specifics of credit risk assessment for Russian insurance companies. Zhurnal institutsional’nykh issledovanii = Journal of Institutional Studies. 2020;12(3):101–121. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17835/2076–6297.2020.12.3.101–121

14. Tourbina K. E. Operational risks in the insurer’s capital adequacy assessment system. Finansy = Finance. 2021;(7):44–50. (In Russ.).

15. Larionov A. V., Salina E. S. Monitoring of risks of insurance companies by the Bank of Russia on the basis of financial indicators. Strakhovoe delo = Insurance Business. 2019;(7):28–32. (In Russ.).

16. Eremina K. S., Tarasova J. A. Key factors and risks of bankruptcy of Russian insurers. Finansy = Finance. 2021;(9):44–49. (In Russ.).

17. Tarasova J. A., Fevraleva E. S. Forecasting of bankruptcy: Evidence from insurance companies in Russia. Finansovyi zhurnal = Financial Journal. 2021;13(4):75–90. (In Russ.).

18. Gabuniya F. New rules for sustainability. Sovremennye strakhovye tekhnologii. 2021;(1):1–7. (In Russ.).

19. Chistyukhin V., Buravleva N. From Basel II to Solvency II, or What is a risk-based approach to assessing the solvency of insurers: First steps towards implementation, tasks and prospects. Analiticheskii bankovskii zhurnal = The Analytical Banking Magazine. 2016;(11):34–41. (In Russ.).

20. Pushkarev S. V. Regulatory requirements for the financial stability and solvency of insurers. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii upravleniya i prava. 2020;(2):34–38. (In Russ.).

21. Barabanova V. V. Modern trends and prospects of the pro-rata regulation in the insurance market of Russia. Finansy i kredit = Finance and Credit. 2020;26(3):673–684. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24891/fc.26.3.673

22. Aksenova N. V. Development of the Russian insurance market in the context of a risk-based approach to its regulation. Strakhovoe delo = Insurance Business. 2021;(4):16–21. (In Russ.).

23. Tsvetkova L. I. Providing the insurer with the sufficient capital due to risk management of its insufficiency. In: The contribution of insurance theory and practice to improving the financial literacy of the population in the coordinates of a changing economy. Proc. 21st Int. sci.-pract. conf. (Pskov, Oct. 20–23, 2020). Pskov: Pskov State University; 2020:174–181. (In Russ.).

24. Baklanova L. D., Arkhipov A. P., Khominich I. P. et al. Supervision of activities of insurance market entities: Modern practice and development prospects. Moscow: RuScience; 2017. 284 p. (In Russ.).

25. Doff R. Risk management for insurers: Risk control, economic capital and Solvency II. 3rd ed. London: Risk Books; 2015. 207 p.

26. Van Bragt D., Steehouwer H., Waalwijk B. Market consistent ALM for life insurers — Steps toward Solvency II. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance — Issues and Practice. 2010;35(1):92–109. DOI: 10.1057/gpp.2009.34

27. Wagner J. A note on the appropriate choice of risk measures in the solvency assessment of insurance companies. Journal of Risk Finance. 2014;15(2):110–130. DOI: 10.1108/JRF‑11–2013–0082

28. Tsyganov A. A., Kirillova N. V. Regional aspect of the Russian insurance market. Ekonomika regiona = Economy of Regions. 2018;14(4):1270–1281. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17059/2018–4–17


Review

For citations:


Aldukhova E.V. Quantitative Market Risk Assessment for Insurance Companies. Finance: Theory and Practice. 2022;26(4):109-123. https://doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-4-109-123

Views: 701


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2587-5671 (Print)
ISSN 2587-7089 (Online)