Влияние иностранного банковского капитала на финансовую инновационность страны: взгляд из стран бывшего Советского Союза и молодых членов ЕС

Основной гипотезой статьи является предположение, что повышение уровня инновационности финансового сектора в постсоветских государствах и молодых членах Европейского союза (ЕС) с несовершенным банковским сектором и затяжным финансовым кризисом сопровождается трудностями доступа к источникам финансирования и значительной зависимостью от объема иностранного банковского капитала. Целью статьи является анализ корреляции между ростом финансовой инновационности страны и уровнем иностранного банковского капитала с использованием анализа панельных данных за 2009–2019 гг. Здесь, в отличие от предыдущих исследований, учитывалось, что уровень финансовой инновационности республик бывшего Советского Союза все больше зависит от внешних кредитных ресурсов, в то время как инновационное развитие стран ЕС становится финансово независимым, и это составляет научную новизну исследования. Результаты подтверждают взаимосвязь между иностранным банковским капиталом и ростом финансовой инновационности стран, особенно с ее низким и средним уровнями. Для проверки своей гипотезы автором были представлены эмпирические модели с условиями взаимодействия с Индексом финансовой инновационности. На основе сравнения показателей финансовой инновационности страны и иностранного банковского капитала выделяются кластеры стран по характеру и направленности взаимосвязи анализируемых показателей. Сделан вывод о зависимости повышения уровня инноваций в финансовом секторе стран бывшего Советского Союза и молодых членов ЕС от размера иностранного банковского капитала и необходимости путем его привлечения последовательно расширять инструментарий для экономического роста страны.

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